Fig 4. Effect of BA on Ppargc1a mRNA expression.
Real-time PCR demonstrated that treatment with BA and AICAR increased mRNA expression of Ppargc1a that encodes PGC1-α protein, a marker of insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. The values represent the mean fold change ± standard error of the mean (N = 3). Statistical significance of differences from the control non-treated group (NT) is indicated as follows: **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.