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| Characteristics | Sham (n = 175) | Wrap (n = 175) | p | Wrap Used as Directeda (n = 144) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any pain | 8 (4.6) | 6 (3.4) | .59 | 1 (0.7) | .044 |
| Pain lower back | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | 1.00 | 1 (0.7) | .45 |
| Pain upper back | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 1.00 | 1 (0.7) | 1.00 |
| Pain neck | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | 1.00 | 1 (0.7) | .45 |
| Pain upper extremity | 8 (4.6) | 6 (3.4) | .79 | 1 (0.7) | .044 |
aThis analysis excludes the 31 procedures within the ColoWrap arm in which the device was removed prematurely.
