Table 1.

Baseline demographic factors, comorbidities, and outcome among the randomly assigned supplementation and placebo groups.

Variable	D3 Supplementation group (n = 93)	Placebo group (n = 98)	P
Age, mo	24 (18--48)	24 (10--48)	.613∗
Sex
Male	65 (69.9)	71 (72.4)	.697†
Female	28 (30.1)	27 (27.6)
Ever breast fed	71 (76.3)	78 (79.6)	.588†
Bottle fed
Cow milk	43 (46.2)	49 (50)	.603†
Artificial milk	50 (53.8)	49 (50)
Age of weaning, mo	8 (6–12)	7 (6 - 9)	.348∗
Cow milk intake after weaning
< 250 mL/day	47 (50.5)	50 (51)	.931†
250–500 mL/day	38 (40.9)	41 (41.8)
> 500 mL/day	8 (8.6)	7 (7.1)
No. of children in house	3 (2–3)	3 (2–3)	.428∗
Maternal age, yr	32 (30–35)	32 (30–35)	.892∗
Maternal education
Not educated	9 (9.7)	16 (16.3)	.315†
Primary education	43 (46.2)	46 (46.9)
Secondary education	34 (36.6)	33 (33.7)
High education	7 (7.5)	3 (3.1)
Exposure to sun
Less frequent	25 (26.9)	28 (28.6)	.794†
More frequent (most of days)	68 (73.1)	70 (71.4)
Comorbidities	48 (51.6)	42 (42.9)	.226†
Severe pneumonia	64 (68.8)	60 (61.2)	.272†
Duration of hospital stay, d	11 (10--14)	10 (8 - 13)	.001∗
Total duration of stay
< 2 wks	67 (72)	75 (76.5)	.478†
2 wks or more	26 (28)	23 (23.5)
Mortality	23 (24.7)	32 (32.7)	.227†

Qualitative variables described as number (percentage). Quantitative variables described as median (interquartile range).

Bold values represent statistically significant P values were below .05.

^∗Mann--Whitney test.

^†Chi-square test.