Table 2.

Clinical findings, signs, laboratory measures, and severity scores among the randomly assigned supplementation and placebo groups.

Variable	D3 Supplementation group (n = 93)	Placebo group (n = 98)	P
Temperature	38 (38–39)	38 (38–39)	.184∗
Respiratory rate	45 (40–50)	40 (40–50)	.603∗
Mechanical ventilation	23 (24.7)	34 (34.7)	.133†
D1-serum Ca	7.9 (7.4–8.9)	8.2 (7.2–9)	.392∗
D1-serum creatinine	0.2 (0.2–0.2)	0.2 (0.1–0.2)	.079∗
D1-serum albumin	3.5 (2.9–4)	3.2 (2.9–3.7)	.096∗
D1-Bilirubin	0.3 (0.3–0.3)	0.3 (0.3–0.4)	.502∗
D1-platelet count	249 (170–370)	227 (170–300)	.663∗
D1-CRP	55 (35–70)	57.5 (45–70)	.138∗
D1-pSOFA score	2 (2–3)	2.5 (2–4)	.344∗
D7-serum Ca	8.9 (8.2–9)	9 (8–9.2)	.663∗
D7-serum creatinine	0.2 (0.2–0.2)	0.2 (0.1–0.2)	.220∗
D7-serum albumin	3.7 (3.5–4)	3.7 (3.1–4)	.066∗
D7-Bilirubin	0.3 (0.3–0.3)	0.3 (0.2–0.3)	.070∗
D7-platelet count	300 (250–350)	250 (250–300)	.017∗
D7-CRP	6 (6–6)	6 (5–35)	.370∗
D7-pSOFA score	1 (0–2)	1 (0 –2)	.991∗
D1–25 (OH)D concentration	15.8 (7–18.2)	16.7 (8.9–21.7)	.119∗
D1Vitamin 25 (OH)D
Deficient	36 (38.7)	33 (33.7)	.469†
Insufficient	57 (61.3)	65 (66.3)
D7–25 (OH)D concentration	67.7 (58.8–84.5)	14.3 (8.9–20.6)	.000∗
D7Vitamin 25 (OH)D
Deficient	11 (11.8)	33 (33.7)	.000†
Insufficient	49 (52.7)	65 (66.3)
Sufficient	33 (35.5)	0 (0)
Vitamin D 25 (OH)D % change	403.1 (261.4–868.2)	-5 (-11.6 to 0)	.000∗
D1-PaO2/FIO2	300 (290–360)	340 (230–400)	.824∗
D7-PaO2/FIO2	360 (330–400)	345 (290–400)	.005∗
D1-PaO2/FIO2
Normal	62 (66.7)	54 (55.1)	.194†
Acute lung disease	25 (26.9)	32 (32.7)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome	6 (6.5)	12 (12.2)
D7-PaO2/FIO2
Normal	87 (93.5)	68 (69.4)	.000†
Acute lung disease	3 (3.2)	21 (21.4)
Acute respiratory distress syndrome	3 (3.2)	9 (9.2)

D1:Day1, D7:Day7.

Qualitative variables described as number (percentage). Quantitative variables described as median (interquartile range).

Bold values represent statistically significant P values were below .05.

^∗Mann–Whitney test.

^†Chi-square test.