Table 2.
Before and after-intervention changes within and between groups.
| Group × time interaction | ||||
| Measures | IMT group (n = 21) | Control group (n = 21) | P | ηP2 |
| FVC, % predicted | ||||
| Before | 78.7 ± 13.5 | 77.2 ± 12.6 | .041 | 0.13 |
| After | 84.2 ± 10.3 | 76.8 ± 11.7 | ||
| P | .047 | .754 | ||
| FEV1, % predicted | ||||
| Before | 76.2 ± 12.7 | 75.4 ± 12.2 | .043 | 0.12 |
| After | 83.7 ± 10.5 | 75.1 ± 12.4 | ||
| P | .039 | .871 | ||
| DSI | ||||
| Before | 18.5 ± 4.3 | 17.8 ± 5.1 | .032 | 0.15 |
| After | 14.2 ± 3.5 | 17.1 ± 4.8 | ||
| P | .001 | .621 | ||
| Eq-5D-3L, total score | ||||
| Before | 38.6 ± 5.8 | 40.7 ± 6.2 | .021 | 0.17 |
| After | 59.4 ± 8.3 | 43.3 ± 6.5 | ||
| P | <.001 | .173 | ||
| 6-MWT, min | ||||
| Before | 332.6 ± 34.5 | 329.7 ± 37.8 | .028 | 0.16 |
| After | 376.5 ± 39.4 | 334.8 ± 38.2 | ||
| P | <.001 | .624 | ||
6-MWT = six-minute walk test, DSI = dyspnea severity index, EQ-5D-3L = EuroQuality–5-dimensions-3-levels, FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FVC = forced vital capacity, IMT = inspiratory muscle training. ηP2 = 0.01 considered “small,” 0.09 “medium,” and 0.25 “large” effect-sized differences between groups.