Table 7.
Factors in surgery-based disparity in mortality among patients with male breast cancer.
| Model | Total mortality, refused vs underwent, HR (95% CI) | Excess mortality associated with additional adjusted covariates, % | 3-y mortality, refused vs underwent, HR (95% CI) | Excess mortality associated with additional adjusted covariates, % | 5-y mortality, refused vs underwent, HR (95% CI) | Excess mortality associated with additional adjusted covariates, % |
| Unadjusted model | 4.507 (3.308–6.140) | NA | 3.269 (2.340–4.568) | NA | 2.917 (2.143–3.971) | NA |
| Model 1 | 4.441 (3.259–6.052) | NA | 3.098 (2.217–4.330) | NA | 2.775 (2.038–3.778) | NA |
| Model 2 | 1.735 (0.685–4.389) | 78.6 | 1.471 (0.652–3.321) | 77.6 | 0.959 (0.426–2.160) | 102.3 |
| Model 3 | 4.467 (3.278–6.087) | – | 3.158 (2.259–4.414) | – | 2.804 (2.059–3.817) | – |
| Model 4 | 4.397 (3.226–5.995) | 1.3 | 3.028 (2.166–4.233) | 3.3 | 2.712 (1.991–3.693) | 3.5 |
| Model 5 | 4.307 (3.123–5.940) | 3.9 | 3.051 (2.150–4.328) | 2.2 | 2.669 (1.929–3.693) | 6.0 |
| Model 6 | 1.879 (0.743–4.752) | 74.5 | 1.475 (0.653–3.329) | 77.4 | 0.953 (0.423–2.148) | 102.7 |
| Model 7 | 1.479 (0.525–4.170) | 86.1 | 1.179 (0.483–2.878) | 91.5 | 0.743 (0.305–1.811) | 114.5 |
Time-dependent coefficient analyses showed that the associations of refusal of cancer-directed surgery with total mortality were constant over time for the entire cohort (P < .0001), and results from a Cox proportional hazards regression model are reported in this table.
Model 1 Adjusted for age.
Model 2 Adjusted for age and clinical factors (grade, histology, AJCC stage, ER, PR, Her2 status).
Model 3 Adjusted for age and treatment factors (radiation).
Model 4 Adjusted for age and race.
Model 5 Adjusted for age and marital status.
Model 6 Adjusted for age, clinical factors, and treatment factors.
Model 7 Adjusted for age, race, clinical and treatment factors, marital status.
(HRR-HRROF)/(HRR-1) HRR was the HR for model 1, and HRROF was the HR with additional adjustment.