Table 3.
Prevalence ratios of hypertension by arsenic exposure, all study centers.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR | 95 % CI | PR | 95% CI | PR | 95% CI | PR | 95% CI | PR | 95% CI | |
| Total Arsenic Quartiles | ||||||||||
| 1 | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| 2 | 0.94 | 0.73, 1.21 | 1.00 | 0.81, 1.23 | 1.02 | 0.83, 1.27 | 1.01 | 0.82, 1.25 | 1.02 | 0.83, 1.26 |
| 3 | 0.92 | 0.70, 1.21 | 0.95 | 0.77, 1.19 | 1.01 | 0.81, 1.28 | 1.00 | 0.81, 1.23 | 1.01 | 0.80, 1.27 |
| 4 | 1.13 | 0.85, 1.50 | 1.24 | 0.96, 1.61 | 1.38 | 1.04, 1.82 | 1.39 | 1.08, 1.77 | 1.29 | 0.97, 1.72 |
| Doubling of Total Arsenic | ||||||||||
| 1.08 | 0.98, 1.18 | 1.06 | 0.97, 1.17 | 1.11 | 1.00, 1.23 | 1.10 | 1.02, 1.20 | 1.07 | 0.98, 1.17 | |
| Inorganic and Methylated Arsenic Quartiles | ||||||||||
| 1 | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| 2 | 1.00 | 0.79, 1.27 | 1.00 | 0.80, 1.24 | 1.01 | 0.81, 1.27 | 0.99 | 0.81, 1.22 | 1.01 | 0.80, 1.26 |
| 3 | 1.00 | 0.78, 1.28 | 0.98 | 0.78, 1.24 | 1.04 | 0.82, 1.32 | 1.03 | 0.84, 1.26 | 1.03 | 0.81, 1.31 |
| 4 | 1.07 | 0.82, 1.40 | 1.08 | 0.83, 1.42 | 1.19 | 1.04, 1.82 | 1.21 | 0.96, 1.54 | 1.18 | 0.89, 1.57 |
| Doubling of Inorganic and Methylated Arsenic | ||||||||||
| 1.08 | 0.99, 1.17 | 1.06 | 0.97, 1.16 | 1.10 | 1.01, 1.21 | 1.09 | 1.02, 1.17 | 1.10 | 1.00, 1.20 | |
| Measure of Arsenic Toxicokinetics** | ||||||||||
| 0.87 | 0.83, 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.92, 1.04 | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.05 | -- | -- | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.05 | |
| Doubling of Inorganic Arsenic and Arsenic Toxicokinetics Interaction | ||||||||||
| 0.97 | 0.95, 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.98, 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.98, 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.98, 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.98, 1.02 | |
Models are generalized estimating equation Poisson models for prevalent hypertension defined as (defined as SBP≥140 mm Hg, DBP≥90 mm Hg, or taking hypertension medication), with exchangeable covariance conditional on family membership.
Model 1: Adjusted only for arsenobetaine and log urine creatinine
Model 2: Further adjusted for age, sex, education, drinking status, smoking status, BMI, kidney function, diabetes status, physical activity, diet index, total daily caloric intake
Model 3: Further adjusted for study center
Model 4: Model 3, without adjustment for urine creatinine
Model 5: Model 3, without adjustment for arsenobetaine
Principle Component analysis score, not adjusted for urine creatinine.