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. 2021 Mar 23;9:633305. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.633305

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

A schematic representation of the Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated- (ATM) and DNA-Dependent Kinase- (DNA-PK) mediated regulation of metabolic processes after DNA Damage. ATM activates multiple downstream proteins regulating cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and cellular metabolism. ATM activates the tumor suppressor p53 which decreases GLUT recruitment, glycolysis, and dNTP production. ATM non-canonical function is essential for repairing mitochondrial genome defects to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. For maintenance of energy production ATM activates AKT to promote glucose recruitment to the nucleus via GLUT4-mediated transport. ATM also activates G6PD though Hsp27, as an alternative mechanism to produce nucleotides for DNA metabolism. DNA-PK following energy depletion or metabolic rewiring promotes glycolysis through AMP signaling. This figure was created with BioRender.com.