Table 2.
Univariate association between circumcision, other risk factors, and STI presence
| Factor | Levels | STI Presence | Crude RR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (n = 93) | Absent (n = 246) | ||||
| Circumcision | No | 75 (33.6%) | 148 (66.4%) | 1 (reference) | |
| Medically circumcised | 14 (17.7%) | 65 (82.3%) | 0.527 (0.317–0.877) | 0.014 | |
| Traditionally circumcised | 4 (10.8%) | 33 (89.2%) | 0.321 (0.125–0.826) | 0.018 | |
| Employment | Unemployed | 35 (21.1%) | 131 (78.9%) | 1 (reference) | |
| Self employed | 8 (34.8%) | 15 (65.2%) | 1.650 (0.877–3.105) | 0.121 | |
| Student | 5 (19.2%) | 21 (80.8%) | 0.912 (0.393–2.115) | 0.830 | |
| Employed | 44 (36.1%) | 78 (63.9%) | 1.711 (1.173–2.495) | 0.005 | |
| Other | 1 (50.0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 2.371 (0.575–9.780) | 0.232 | |
| Does your partner live with you? | No | 66 (25.5%) | 193 (74.5%) | 1 (reference) | |
| Yes | 20 (36.4%) | 35 (63.6%) | 1.824 (0.451–7.376) | 0.399 | |
| Not applicable/no partner | 7 (28.0%) | 18 (72.0%) | 1.099 (0.567–2.131) | 0.780 | |
| During the last month, on average, how often have you had a drink Containing alcohol? | none | 23 (25%) | 69 (75%) | 1(reference) | |
| 1–3 times | 39 (27.5%) | 103 (72.5%) | 1.099 (0.705–1.712) | 0.678 | |
| Weekly | 27 (28.4%) | 68 (71.6%) | 1.137 (0.706–1.831) | 0.598 | |
| Daily | 4 (40%) | 6 (60%) | 1.6 (0.692–3.697) | 0.271 | |
| During the last month, how often were you drunk/drinking alcohol before sex? | never | 128 (27.7%) | 49 (72.3%) | 1 (reference) | |
| sometimes | 91 (28.3%) | 36 (71.7%) | 1.024 (0.711–1.475) | 0.899 | |
| frequently | 18 (18.2%) | 4 (81.8%) | 0.657 (0.262–1.644) | 0.369 | |
| always | 9 (30.8%) | 4 (69.2%) | 1.111 (0.475–2.599) | 0.807 | |
| Frequency of use of condom with female partner(s) | Never | 18 (38.3%) | 29 (61.7%) | 1 (reference) | |
| Sometimes | 43 (32.6%) | 89 (67.4%) | 0.851 (0.549–1.318) | 0.469 | |
| Frequently | 16 (22.2%) | 56 (77.8%) | 0.580 (0.330–1.020) | 0.059 | |
| Always | 13 (15.3%) | 72 (84.7%) | 0.399 (0.215–0.741) | 0.004 | |
| Enrolment Age in years: median (IQR) | 26 (23–30) | 25 (22–28) | 1.021 (0.993–1.050) | 0.144 | |
| Age group | 20–23 | 39 (25.5%) | 114 (74.5%) | 1 (reference) | |
| 24–29 | 27 (24.8%) | 82 (75.2%) | 0.972 (0.635–1.486) | 0.895 | |
| 30–34 | 16 (40%) | 24 (60%) | 1.569 (0.984–2.501) | 0.058 | |
| 35–39 | 7 (26.9%) | 19 (73.1%) | 1.056 (0.530–2.103) | 0.876 | |
| > = 40 | 4 (36.4%) | 7 (63.6%) | 1.427 (0.624–3.263) | 0.400 | |
| Age of sexual debut, in years: median (IQR) | 17 (16–18) | 17 (15–18) | 0.983 (0.933–1.035) | 0.514 | |
| Years of schooling: median (IQR) | 12 (11–13) | 12 (11–14) | 1.069 (0.974–1.173) | 0.157 | |