Table 2.
Associations of tIS (combination of protein-bound and free fraction) with all-cause mortality and cause-specific composite events
| Per 10 μg/mL |
tIS: 0–23 μg/mL |
tIS: 23–32 μg/mL |
tIS: 32–42 μg/mL |
tIS: 42–102 μg/mL |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| All-cause mortality | ||||||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.96 (0.87–1.06) | 0.41 | 1 (REF) | 0.82 (0.52–1.28) | 0.38 | 0.69 (0.41–1.15) | 0.16 | 0.87 (0.58–1.28) | 0.48 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (0.91–1.09) | 0.93 | 1 (REF) | 0.91 (0.58–1.43) | 0.68 | 0.70 (0.46–1.08) | 0.11 | 1.08 (0.72–1.64) | 0.70 | |
| Model 2 | 1.16 (1.04–1.28) | 0.01 | 1 (REF) | 1.03 (0.61–1.73) | 0.91 | 1.12 (0.70–1.77) | 0.64 | 1.96 (1.17–3.29) | 0.01 | |
| Model 3 | 1.13 (1.02–1.26) | 0.02 | 1 (REF) | 0.98 (0.60–1.60) | 0.93 | 1.10 (0.67–1.80) | 0.72 | 1.88 (1.17–3.01) | 0.01 | |
| CV composite | ||||||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 0.45 | 1 (REF) | 0.99 (0.61–1.61) | 0.97 | 1.04 (0.71–1.54) | 0.84 | 1.15 (0.78–1.70) | 0.49 | |
| Model 1 | 1.05 (0.94–1.16) | 0.39 | 1 (REF) | 0.98 (0.61–1.58) | 0.94 | 0.99 (0.67–1.46) | 0.95 | 1.22 (0.79–1.88) | 0.37 | |
| Model 2 | 1.08 (0.97–1.20) | 0.15 | 1 (REF) | 1.04 (0.66–1.64) | 0.88 | 1.13 (0.75–1.72) | 0.56 | 1.41 (0.88–2.26) | 0.15 | |
| Model 3 | 1.06 (0.95–1.17) | 0.31 | 1 (REF) | 1.04 (0.67–1.61) | 0.87 | 1.11 (0.72–1.72) | 0.64 | 1.33 (0.82–2.14) | 0.25 | |
| Infectious composite | ||||||||||
| Unadjusted | 1.02 (0.90–1.16) | 0.70 | 1 (REF) | 0.98 (0.62–1.53) | 0.93 | 0.99 (0.59–1.69) | 0.98 | 1.05 (0.67–1.67) | 0.82 | |
| Model 1 | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) | 0.56 | 1 (REF) | 0.96 (0.62–1.48) | 0.84 | 0.91 (0.55–1.49) | 0.71 | 1.11 (0.70–1.77) | 0.65 | |
| Model 2 | 1.18 (1.04–1.34) | 0.01 | 1 (REF) | 1.13 (0.72–1.79) | 0.59 | 1.39 (0.83–2.35) | 0.21 | 1.83 (1.10–3.03) | 0.02 | |
| Model 3 | 1.18 (1.04–1.34) | 0.01 | 1 (REF) | 1.11 (0.72–1.70) | 0.64 | 1.40 (0.83–2.35) | 0.20 | 1.83 (1.10–3.03) | 0.02 | |
| Malignancy composite | ||||||||||
| Unadjusted | 0.97 (0.82–1.15) | 0.73 | 1 (REF) | 0.61 (0.28–1.30) | 0.20 | 0.58 (0.28–1.19) | 0.14 | 0.98 (0.52–1.83) | 0.95 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (0.84–1.18) | 0.97 | 1 (REF) | 0.64 (0.30–1.37) | 0.25 | 0.60 (0.30–1.19) | 0.14 | 1.12 (0.59–2.11) | 0.72 | |
| Model 2 | 1.02 (0.87–1.21) | 0.77 | 1 (REF) | 0.66 (0.31–1.41) | 0.29 | 0.65 (0.32–1.30) | 0.22 | 1.24 (0.66–2.32) | 0.50 | |
| Model 3 | 1.04 (0.87–1.23) | 0.68 | 1 (REF) | 0.66 (0.31–1.40) | 0.28 | 0.67 (0.33–1.33) | 0.25 | 1.30 (0.70–2.40) | 0.40 | |
Model 1 adjusts for age, sex, vintage and history of diabetes, and prior CVD. Model 2 adjusts for Model 1 covariates, plus markers of nutritional status (albumin, nPCR, BMI and creatinine) and single-pool Kt/V urea. Model 3 adjusts for Model 2 covariates, plus other potential confounders (log C-reactive protein, total calcium, alkaline phosphatase, serum phosphorus and use of HDF). See Supplementary data, Tables S1–S3 for diagnoses and procedures used to define cause-specific composites. ‘Unadjusted’ and ‘Model 2’ rows are visually displayed in Figure 3.