TABLE 2.
BBB, BCSFB, and cell adhesion biomarkers
| Parameter | Controls (n = 14) | Migraine (n = 42 a ) | p value b | p value adj. for age and sex |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Marginal mean (SE) | Marginal mean (SE) | |||
| Q alb | 4.1 (1.9) | 5.6 (2.3) | 0.041 | 0.029 |
| 4.6 (0.6) | 6.2 (0.4) | |||
| Q fib | 86.1 (55.0) | 161.5 (99.0) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| 111.2 (21.6) | 187.4 (15.3) | |||
| CSF MMP‐9 (pg/mL) | 100.7 (27.9) | 103.5 (29.9) | 0.661 | 0.826 |
| 711.3 (92.8) | 106.9 (3.8) | |||
| CSF sPDGFRβ (ng/mL) | 696.4 (293.0) | 787.4 (340.3) | 0.422 | 0.494 |
| 711.3 (92.8) | 803.2 (47.9) | |||
| CSF sICAM1 (ng/mL) | 1.5 (0.5) | 1.6 (0.7) | 0.359 | 0.363 |
| 1.5 (0.2) | 1.7 (0.1) | |||
| CSF sVCAM1 (ng/mL) | 4.7 (1.5) | 5.6 (2.3) | 0.090 | 0.101 |
| 4.7 (0.6) | 5.8 (0.4) | |||
| CSF plasminogen (ng/mL) | 186.2 (90.4) | 240.7 (104.7) | 0.033 | 0.033 |
| 195.5 (29.5) | 259.2 (20.8) | |||
| Plasma MMP‐9 (ng/mL) | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.373 | 0.221 |
| 1.0 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | |||
| Plasma sICAM1 (ng/mL) | 330.5 (72.1) | 316.4 (107.9) | 0.442 | 0.390 |
| 326.5 (28.3) | 307.3 (18.5) | |||
| Plasma sVCAM1 (ng/mL) | 470.4 (125.2) | 487.1 (156.9) | 0.878 | 0.854 |
| 460.3 (42.1) | 475.6 (27.5) |
a
Forty‐two subjects contributed to 53 observations.
b
MMRM. Log‐transformed data were used for CSF sICAM1, sVCAM1, and plasminogen and plasma MMP‐9 and sVCAM1. Cube‐root‐transformed data were used for Q alb, Q fib, CSF sPDGFRβ, and plasma sICAM1. For CSF MMP‐9, the analysis was done by taking the square‐root transformation of the absolute value of the deviation from the median, times the sign of the deviation.