TABLE 5.
Effect of average monthly headache (HA) days on BBB, BCSFB, and cell adhesion biomarkers
| Parameter | Controls (n = 14) | Migraine | p value a , b | Trend p value a , c | Migraine only | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Episodic migraine | Episodic migraine | Chronic migraine | p value a , b | Trend p value a , c | ||||
| <2 per month (n = 18) | 2–14 per month (n = 19) | (n = 16) | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||||
| Marginal mean (SE) | Marginal mean (SE) | Marginal mean (SE) | Marginal mean (SE) | |||||
| Q alb | 4.1 (1.9) | 6.0 (1.8) | 5.5 (2.5) | 5.2 (2.6) | 0.130 | 0.399 | 0.477 | 0.222 |
| 4.6 (0.6) | 6.4 (0.6) | 6.1 (0.7) | 6.1 (0.6) | |||||
| Adjusted | 0.158 | 0.192 | 0.852 | 0.621 | ||||
| Q fib | 86.1 (55.0) | 198.6 (108.9) | 167.0 (92.3) | 121.6 (85.5) | 0.004 | 0.478 | 0.058 | 0.018 |
| 109.0 (21.5) | 213.2 (23.2) | 182.5 (23.5) | 164.7 (22.9) | |||||
| Adjusted | 0.0045 | 0.125 | 0.304 | 0.120 | ||||
| CSF plasminogen (ng/mL) | 186.2 (90.4) | 236.1 (68.9) | 220.9 (95.0) | 268.3 (142.8) | 0.147 | 0.074 | 0.639 | 0.844 |
| 198.0 (29.6) | 250.9 (31.4) | 238.6 (31.0) | 290.5 (31.5) | |||||
| Adjusted | 0.125 | 0.052 | 0.531 | 0.594 | ||||
| CSF sPDGFRβ (ng/mL) | 696.4 (293.0) | 817.5 (320.4) | 702.8 (381.9) | 848.8 (313.8) | 0.348 | 0.368 | 0.280 | 0.670 |
| 2355.9 (3455.2) | 422.5 (3717.9) | −527.6 (3662.9) | 3146.3 (3694.8) | |||||
| Adjusted | 0.337 | 0.412 | 0.325 | 0.611 | ||||
| CSF sVCAM1 (ng/mL) | 4.7 (1.5) | 4.5 (1.1) | 5.5 (1.9) | 7.1 (2.9) | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| 4.8 (0.6) | 4.6 (0.6) | 5.6 (0.6) | 7.4 (0.6) | |||||
| Adjusted | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.001 | ||||
a
Cube‐root transformed data were used for Q alb, Q fib, plasminogen, and CSF sPDGFRβ, while log‐transformed data were used for sVCAM1.
b
Global test for group effect using MMRM.
c
Test for trend over groups defined by the frequency of migraine (controls = 0 frequency) using MMR.