Table 2.

Association of transplant-related frailty with health-related quality of life in lung recipients

Predictor	Instrument	Instrument Type	Difference	95% CI	p-value
Frailty (SPPB ≤7)	SF12-PCS (MID=5)	Generic-Physical	−5.76	(−8.19, −3.30)	<0.01
	SF12-MCS (MID=5)	Generic-Mental	−1.61	(−3.76, 0.55)	0.14
	AQ20-R (MID=1.75)	Respiratory-Specific	−0.40	(−1.15, 0.36)	0.31
	EQ5D (MID=0.06)	Health-Utility	−0.11	(−0.15, −0.08)	<0.01
1-point worsening in SPPB	SF12-PCS (MID=5)	Generic-Physical	−1.19	(−1.50, −0.89)	<0.01
	SF12-MCS (MID=5)	Generic-Mental	−0.36	(−0.63, −0.08)	0.01
	AQ20-R (MID=1.75)	Respiratory-Specific	−0.12	(−0.21, −0.02)	0.02
	EQ5D (MID=0.06)	Health-Utility	−0.02	(−0.02, −0.01)	<0.01

Instruments: Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), range from 0 to 12 (Minimal Important Difference [MID] = 1); Short Form 12–Physical Component Score (SF12-PCS), range 0 to 100; Short Form 12–Mental Component Score (SF12-MCS), range 0 to 100; Airways Questionnaire 20–Revised (AQ20-R), range 0 to 20, which was reverse-coded for analysis; EuroQoL 5D (EQ5D), range -1.11 to 1, which measures health utility.

The association between frailty and HRQL was quantified by linear mixed-effects models considering frailty as a time-dependent predictor variable. All models were adjusted for pre-operative age, sex, race, diagnosis, and BMI and FEV1 at each study visit.

Data are presented as mean effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI).