Table 5. Concentrations of CESs and AADAC Proteins Determined in Rabbit and Pig Ocular Tissuesa.
| ocular
tissues (pmol/mg protein) |
reference
samples (pmol/mg protein) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| enzyme | species | conjunctiva | cornea | aqueous humor | vitreous | retina | RPE | choroid | rat whole eye | human liver |
| CES1 | rabbit | <LLOD | 0.14 ± 0.05 | 0.1 ± 0.03 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 0.2 ± 0.03 | 0.1 ± 0.02 | <LLOD | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 64 ± 8.0 |
| pig | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 8.05 ± 2.5 | <LLOD | 0.2 ± 0.01 | <LLOQ* | <LLOD | 0.7 ± 0.2 | |||
| CES2 | rabbit | 0.3 ± 0.1 | <LLOQ* | <LLOD | <LLOD | 0.2 ± 0.1 | <LLOD | 0.1 ± 0.07 | 0.2 ± 0.05 | 30.6 ± 2.1 |
| pig | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |||
| CES3 | rabbit | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.09 |
| pig | <LLOD | 0.1 ± 0.01 | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOQ* | <LLOD | |||
| AADAC | rabbit | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | 0.3 ± 0.01 | 0.8 ± 0.2 |
| pig | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | <LLOD | |||
| Na+/K+ ATPase | rabbit | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | <LLOD | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 10.3 ± 1.3 | 6.0 ± 2.5 | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.2 |
| pig | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | <LLOD | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 17 ± 7.5 | 7.0 ± 1.7 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | |||
a
LLOD, lower limit of detection = 3 × signal/noise ratio; LLOQ, lower limit of quantification = 0.1 pmol/mg protein; * protein detectable but not quantifiable; ND, not done, due to absence of the CES2 gene. The protein expression levels of CES1, CES2, CES3, and AADAC were determined in the rabbit and pig ocular tissues. Na+/K+ ATPase served as a marker for the membrane fraction. Each data point calculated in pmol/mg presented above is the average of three pools ± SD.