Table 2.
Baseline dietary intakes by tertile of diet quality index in the UK Biobank (n=77 004)*
| Recommended Food Score (RFS) | Healthy diet indicator (HDI) | Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) | |||||||
| T1 | T2 | T3 | T1 | T2 | T3 | T1 | T2 | T3 | |
| Diet quality | 4.2 (1.1) | 6.8 (0.6) | 9.5 (1.3) | 2.3 (0.6) | 3.7 (0.3) | 5.1 (0.7) | 4.4 (0.6) | 5.5 (0.2) | 6.5 (0.5) |
| Food group intake (g/day) | |||||||||
| Whole fruit | 81.6 (76.2) | 152.7 (98.5) | 231.1 (133.6) | 95.3 (78.8) | 156.8 (106.9) | 225.9 (138.7) | 115.4 (98.7) | 170.7 (124.0) | 198.7 (132.0) |
| Vegetables | 120.0 (89.6) | 201.8 (113.0) | 286.1 (149.7) | 146.7 (99.0) | 204.7 (127.4) | 267.5 (157.7) | 158.5 (114.3) | 220.4 (136.3) | 250.6 (150.0) |
| Wholegrains | 32.8 (38.2) | 51.5 (46.3) | 65.8 (52.9) | 36.2 (38.8) | 50.9 (46.2) | 65.8 (54.7) | 37.3 (39.0) | 54.5 (49.1) | 64.7 (54.2) |
| Lean meats | 51.1 (45.4) | 66.0 (48.9) | 79.9 (54.4) | 59.9 (48.0) | 66.5 (51.0) | 71.6 (53.9) | 57.3 (48.1) | 71.2 (51.8) | 73.4 (52.8) |
| Low-fat dairy | 18.3 (37.3) | 29.4 (43.7) | 45.0 (51.9) | 22.7 (40.6) | 30.9 (44.7) | 40.6 (51.2) | 31.8 (48.5) | 32.7 (46.7) | 27.6 (41.0) |
| Total EI (kJ/day) | 8572 (2224) | 8798 (2080) | 9204 (2158) | 8244 (2032) | 9022 (2112) | 9474 (2195) | 8785 (2234) | 8862 (2106) | 8946 (2121) |
| Nutrient intake (% energy) | |||||||||
| Total fat | 34.5 (6.1) | 33.1 (5.7) | 31.8 (5.7) | 34.4 (5.9) | 33.2 (5.7) | 31.4 (5.8) | 34.2 (5.8) | 32.9 (5.7) | 31.7 (5.9) |
| Saturated fat | 13.6 (3.1) | 12.7 (2.8) | 11.8 (2.8) | 13.7 (3.0) | 12.7 (2.8) | 11.4 (2.7) | 13.8 (2.9) | 12.7 (2.7=8) | 11.4 (2.7) |
| Polyunsaturated fat | 6.18 (2.0) | 6.08 (1.9) | 6.06 (1.9) | 5.87 (2.0) | 6.16 (1.9) | 6.37 (1.9) | 5.91 (1.9) | 6.16 (1.9) | 6.37 (2.0) |
| Carbohydrate | 45.8 (7.7) | 47.9 (7.1) | 50.0 (6.8) | 44.8 (7.1) | 48.2 (6.7) | 51.6 (6.7) | 46.7 (7.5) | 48.0 (7.3) | 49.5 (7.1) |
| Total sugars | 20.1 (6.1) | 22.6 (5.6) | 25.6 (5.7) | 20.4 (5.8) | 22.9 (5.7) | 25.5 (6.0) | 21.9 (6.3) | 22.8 (6.2) | 23.9 (6.0) |
| Protein | 15.4 (3.1) | 15.8 (2.9) | 16.2 (2.9) | 16.4 (3.2) | 15.6 (2.9) | 15.2 (2.7) | 16.0 (3.1) | 15.8 (2.9) | 15.4 (2.9) |
*Unadjusted linear regression analyses were used to examine linear trend across tertiles of diet quality index; p<0.001 for all associations. The total possible scores for the diet quality indices were: RFS between 0 and 21, HDI between 0 and 11 and MDS between 0 and 9.
EI, energy intake.