Table 3.

Univariable unadjusted hazard ratios (HR) for 1-year mortality

Variables	HR (95% CI)	p-value
Cemented vs. uncemented	2.5 (1.5–4.2)	0.001
Male	1.5 (1.2–1.9)	< 0.001
Age at surgery (per 1 year)	1.07 (1.05–1.09)	< 0.001
Assisted living	2.7 (2.2–3.3)	< 0.001
Reduced mobility	1.7 (1.4–2.1)	< 0.001
ASA (1–2 vs. 3–4)	2.1 (1.7–2.7)	< 0.001
Regional anesthesia (spinal)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	0.79
Medical history
Liver disease	2.5 (1.1–5.7)	0.03
Renal failure	2.4 (1.5–3.8)	< 0.001
Diabetes	0.98 (0.69–1.4)	0.9
Stroke	1.3 (0.96–1.7)	0.1
Peripheral vascular disease	1.8 (1.0–3.2)	0.05
Arteriosclerosis	1.0 (0.91–3.2)	0.1
Hypertension	0.93 (0.74–1.2)	0.5
Angina pectoris	1.3 (0.92–1.7)	0.2
Previous myocardial infarction	1.3 (0.94–1.8)	0.1
Congestive heart failure	1.9 (1.4–2.6)	< 0.001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease	0.95 (0.67–1.4)	0.8
Cancer	1.7 (1.2–2.4)	0.002
Dementia	2.3 (1.8–2.8)	< 0.001
Arrhythmia	1.6 (1.2–2.0)	< 0.001
Medication
ß-blockers	1.5 (1.2–1.8)	0.001
Diuretics	1.7 (1.5–2.2)	< 0.001
Antiplatelet drugs	1.5 (1.2–1.9)	0.001
Nitrates	1.3 (0.97–1.8)	0.08
Calcium antagonists	0.92 (0.68–1.2)	0.6
ACE inhibitors	1.0 (0.78–1.3)	0.9
Insulin	1.1 (0.68–1.7)	0.8
Warfarin	0.82 (0.49–1.4)	0.4
Statins	0.60 (0.40–0.88)	0.01
Preoperative
hemoglobin < 100 g/L	1.8 (1.1–2.9)	0.04
serum creatinine > 150 µmol/L	2.3 (1.5–3.5)	< 0.001
Grade of hypotension/hypoxia
(2–3 vs. 0–1)	4.1 (3.0–5.8)	< 0.001

Diabetes includes both types I and II. ASA;

ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme.

Unadjusted hazard ratios were calculated for each variable.