Table 3.
Hazard Ratios of Combination Therapy for the Composite Endpoint During the 1-Year Follow-up
| Crude model | Adjusted Model 1 | Adjusted Model 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| HFrEF | ||||||
| All | 0.42 (0.28–0.63) | <0.001 | 0.61 (0.40–0.92) | 0.019 | 0.58 (0.38–0.88) | 0.010 |
| Independent outdoor walking | 0.32 (0.17–0.58) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.20–0.76) | 0.005 | 0.48 (0.22–0.99) | 0.049 |
| Non-independent outdoor walking | 0.95 (0.56–1.58) | 0.847 | 0.87 (0.49–1.48) | 0.601 | 0.79 (0.39–1.56) | 0.497 |
| HFmrEF | ||||||
| All | 0.61 (0.34–1.09) | 0.094 | 0.77 (0.39–1.46) | 0.426 | 0.54 (0.26–1.09) | 0.088 |
| Independent outdoor walking | 0.61 (0.25–1.39) | 0.241 | 0.63 (0.21–1.85) | 0.393 | 0.40 (0.10–1.33) | 0.137 |
| Non-independent outdoor walking | 0.56 (0.24–1.26) | 0.163 | 0.61 (0.19–1.92) | 0.400 | 0.63 (0.11–4.21) | 0.611 |
| HFpEF | ||||||
| All | 0.82 (0.61–1.09) | 0.173 | 0.89 (0.66–1.20) | 0.444 | 0.87 (0.63–1.18) | 0.375 |
| Independent outdoor walking | 1.11 (0.71–1.74) | 0.636 | 1.10 (0.69–1.76) | 0.674 | 1.07 (0.65–1.75) | 0.787 |
| Non-independent outdoor walking | 0.79 (0.52–1.17) | 0.244 | 0.78 (0.51–1.16) | 0.225 | 0.77 (0.48–1.22) | 0.274 |
The composite endpoint was all-cause mortality and hospitalization for HF. Model 1 was adjusted for age (10-year intervals), sex, eGFR (<30, 30–45, 45–60 and ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and comorbidities (yes/no; history of HF, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and stroke). Model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, eGFR, medication at discharge (yes/no; mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, calcium channel blocker, oral inotropic agent and digitalis), and the number of prescriptions at discharge. CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio. Other abbreviations as in Table 1.