Table 1.

Scenario parameter settings.

Scenarios	Measures	Market access (%)	Miner site selection (%)	Carbon tax
Benchmark (BM)	Baseline policy intervention	100	40	2
Market access (MA)	Raise the market access standards for Bitcoin miner efficiency	50	40	2
Site regulation (SR)	Strict regulation on Bitcoin industry in the coal-based energy region	100	20	2
Carbon tax (CT)	Extra punitive carbon tax on Bitcoin mining	100	40	4

Note: Exogenous auxiliary parameters are introduced to assess the carbon emission flows under different Bitcoin policy measures. In terms of variable settings, three main parameters are chosen as the scenario factors in the proposed BBCE model, including market access (MA), miner site regulation (SR), and carbon tax (CT).