Table 2.
Inventory of plant species used to treat digestive system disorders by indigenous people of Rif
| Family and scientific name | Vernacular name | Used part | Method of preparation | FL % | FC | RFC | FIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amaranthaceae | 0.024 | ||||||
| Chenopodium album L. | Labda, Baremren | Leaf | Infusion | 71 | 07 | 0.007 | |
| Chenopodium murale L. | Talekutta | Other combination | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Salsola kali L. | El Herd | Whole plant | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Anacardiaceae | 0.048 | ||||||
| Pistacia atlantica Desf | Btem | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 17 | 0.017 | |
| Apiaceae | 0.032 | ||||||
| Ammi majus L. | Tlillane | Fruit | Other | 100 | 32 | 0.032 | |
| Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam | Bechnikha | Fruit | Infusion | 91 | 22 | 0.022 | |
| Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss | Camoun Soufi | Seed | Cooked | 100 | 41 | 0.041 | |
| Apium graveolens L. | Lkrafess | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 04 | 0.004 | |
| Carum carvi L. | Karwiya | Seed | Infusion | 100 | 26 | 0.026 | |
| Coriandrum sativum L. | Alkazbour | Seed | Raw | 100 | 04 | 0.004 | |
| Cuminum cyminum L. | Camoun | Seed | Infusion | 100 | 03 | 0.003 | |
| Eryngium ilicifolium Lam. | El Asfour, Chkour | Flower | Raw | 100 | 15 | 0.015 | |
| Foeniculum vulgare Mill. | Lbesbas | Seed | Decoction | 100 | 68 | 0.068 | |
| Smyrnium olusatrum L. | Lheyyâr | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 43 | 0.043 | |
| Apocynaceae | 0.079 | ||||||
| Vinca minor L. | El Innakia | Whole plant | Cooked | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Arecaceae | 0.049 | ||||||
| Chamaerops humilis L. | Doum, El Ghaz | Fruit | Infusion | 100 | 51 | 0.051 | |
| Asparagaceae | 0.013 | ||||||
| Asparagus acutifolius L. | Sekkom, Tazzut | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Asparagus densiflora Kunth. | Sekkom, Tazzut | Whole plant | Other | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Asparagus officinalis L. | Sakkum, Tazzut | Other combination | Decoction | 100 | 02 | 0.002 | |
| Asparagus plumosus Baker | Sekkom, Tazzut | Stem | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Asparagus stipularis Forssk | Sekkom, Tazzut | Rhizome | Other | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Drimia maritima (L.) Stearn | Ansal | Bulb | Decoction | 100 | 04 | 0.004 | |
| Muscari comosum (L.) Mill. | Bsyla | Bulb | Decoction | 100 | 02 | 0.002 | |
| Asteraceae | 0.038 | ||||||
| Artemisia absinthium L. | Chiba | Other combination | Decoction | 100 | 75 | 0.075 | |
| Cynara humilis L. | Khorchef, Timta | Stem | Raw | 94 | 31 | 0.031 | |
| Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G.Don | Dahab Eshams | Whole plant | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Matricaria chamomilla L. | Babunj | Whole plant | Decoction | 100 | 48 | 0.048 | |
| Ormenis mixta (L.) Dumort | Hellâla | Other combination | Infusion | 100 | 19 | 0.019 | |
| Scolymus hispanicus L. | Garnina | Rhizome | Infusion | 100 | 50 | 0.050 | |
| Brassicaceae | 0.012 | ||||||
| Brassica oleracea f. alba DC | Melfouf, Krunb | Leaf | Other | 100 | 07 | 0.007 | |
| Raphanus sativus L. | Fjel | Whole plant | Decoction | 100 | 46 | 0.046 | |
| Caryophyllaceae | 0.084 | ||||||
| Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke | Tigheghet | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 08 | 0.008 | |
| Crassulaceae | 0.001 | ||||||
| Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy | Sorrat El Ard | Whole plant | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Cucurbitaceae | 0.013 | ||||||
| Bryonia dioica Jacq | Aineb Edib | Root | Decoction | 60 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Cucurbita maxima Duchesne | Elgraa Hamra | Flower | Infusion | 100 | 15 | 0.015 | |
| Cupressaceae | 0.043 | ||||||
| Cupressus sempervirens L. | Zembale, Sarw | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Cyperaceae | 0.001 | ||||||
| Cyperus rotundus L. | Tara | Whole plant | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Fabaceae | 0.023 | ||||||
| Lupinus angustifolius L. | Shenqala, Bozghiba | Whole plant | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Cassia senna L. | Sna Mekki | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Ceratonia siliqua L. | Salghwa, Kharroub | Fruit | Decoction | 100 | 67 | 0.067 | |
| Glycyrrhiza glabra L | Arq Sûs | Root | Infusion | 83 | 36 | 0.036 | |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum L. | Helba | Seed | Cooked | 100 | 54 | 0.054 | |
| Vicia benghalensis L. | Jelbanet Lehnouch | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Vicia tenuifolia Roth | Bykya | Whole plant | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Fagaceae | 0.038 | ||||||
| Quercus rotundifolia Lam. | Kerrush, Tasaft | Bark | Infusion | 100 | 06 | 0.006 | |
| Geraniaceae | 0.015 | ||||||
| Pelargonium capitatum (L.) L'Hér | Laatercha | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 27 | 0.027 | |
| Iridaceae | 0.001 | ||||||
| Iris × germanica L. | Sawsan Almani | Leaf | Other | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Juglandaceae | 0.005 | ||||||
| Juglans regia L. | Guergaâ | Bark | Other | 80 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Lamiaceae | 0.056 | ||||||
| Ocimum basilicum L. | Lhbak | Leaf | Infusion | 71 | 07 | 0.007 | |
| Origanum majorana L. | Mard’douch | Whole plant | Infusion | 65 | 46 | 0.046 | |
| Origanum vulgare L. | Zaatr Elma | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 80 | 0.080 | |
| Thymus satureioides Coss. | Z’îtra, Tazuknit | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 176 | 0.176 | |
| Lauraceae | 0.035 | ||||||
| Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume | Qarfa | Bark | Infusion | 100 | 11 | 0.011 | |
| Lythraceae | 0.103 | ||||||
| Punica granatum L. | Remman | Bark | Decoction | 100 | 53 | 0.053 | |
| Malvaceae | 0.004 | ||||||
| Malva hispanica L. | Khobbeyza | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 04 | 0.004 | |
| Malva silvestris L. | Bakkula | Leaf | Cooked | 100 | 06 | 0.006 | |
| Myristicaceae | 0.003 | ||||||
| Myristica fragrans Houtt | Bsibissa | Fruit | Cooked | 67 | 03 | 0.003 | |
| Myrtaceae | 0.028 | ||||||
| Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. | Qronfel | Flower | Infusion | 100 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Oleaceae | 0.020 | ||||||
| Olea europea L. | Zaytoun | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 51 | 0.051 | |
| Olea europea var. sylvestris (Mill.) Lehr | Zabbouj | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 03 | 0.003 | |
| Piperaceae | 0.005 | ||||||
| Piper nigrum L. | Ibzar | Seed | Cooked | 100 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Plantaginaceae | 0.006 | ||||||
| Plantago lanceolata L. | Lssan lhamel | Leaf | Cooked | 100 | 06 | 0.006 | |
| Poaceae | 0.015 | ||||||
| Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf | Aoshb Elhamed | Stem | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Hordeum vulgare L. | Châir, Timzine | Seed | Cooked | 100 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Phalaris canariensis L. | Hchicht Lkanari | Seed | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Polygonaceae | 0.005 | ||||||
| Emex spinosa (L.) Campd. | Houmida | Whole plant | Cooked | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Rumex acetosa L. | Houmida | Leaf | Infusion | 67 | 09 | 0.009 | |
| Rhamnaceae | 0.053 | ||||||
| Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. | Nbeg, Tazart | Seed | Other | 62 | 53 | 0.053 | |
| Rosaceae | 0.026 | ||||||
| Prunus armeniaca L. | Mechmach | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Prunus persica (L.) Batsch | Khokh | Leaf | Other | 100 | 02 | 0.002 | |
| Rutaceae | 0.052 | ||||||
| Ruta montana (L.) L. | Fijel, Iwermi | Root | Decoction | 58 | 12 | 0.012 | |
| Salicaceae | 0.007 | ||||||
| Populus alba L. | Sefsaf | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 13 | 0.013 | |
| Populus nigra L. | Sefsaf | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Schisandraceae | 0.004 | ||||||
| Illicium verum Hook.f | Badiana | Fruit | Infusion | 100 | 04 | 0.004 | |
| Scrophulariaceae | 0.001 | ||||||
| Verbascum sinuatum L. | Torah | Flower | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Solanaceae | 0.025 | ||||||
| Solanum lycopersicum L. | Maticha | Fruit | Cooked | 71 | 14 | 0.014 | |
| Solanum melongena L. | Denjal | Fruit | Cooked | 60 | 05 | 0.005 | |
| Solanum nigrum L. | Buqnîna | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Tamaricaceae | 0.001 | ||||||
| Tamarix aphylla (L.) H.Karst | Adba | Flower | Infusion | 100 | 02 | 0.002 | |
| Tamarix gallica L. | Tamimayt | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. | Athel | Other combination | Infusion | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Theaceae | 0.042 | ||||||
| Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze | Atây | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 42 | 0.042 | |
| Thymelaeaceae | 0.032 | ||||||
| Thymelaea virgata (Desf.) Endl | Matnane | Whole plant | Infusion | 100 | 32 | 0.032 | |
| Verbenaceae | 0.053 | ||||||
| Lantana camara L. | Nabat Oum Kaltoum | Leaf | Decoction | 100 | 01 | 0.001 | |
| Vitaceae | 0.017 | ||||||
| Vitis vinifera L. | Aneb, Dalya | Leaf | Infusion | 100 | 17 | 0.017 | |
| Zingiberaceae | 0.031 | ||||||
| Curcuma Longa L. | Kharqûm | Rhizome | Decoction | 100 | 16 | 0.016 |