TABLE 1.

LncRNAs in cardiac regeneration.

LncRNAs	Genomic context	Target genes	Mechanisms	Related functions	References
AZIN2-sv	Antisense	miR-214	Increase the level of PTEN and inhibit Akt/PKB signaling pathway	Repress cardiomyocyte proliferation	Li X. et al., 2018
Braveheart	Intergenic	miR-143/145	Directly interact with SUZ12 during cardiomyocyte differentiation	Maintain cardiac fate in neonatal cardiomyocytes	Klattenhoff et al., 2013
CAREL	Intergenic	miR-296	A sponge for miR-296, repress miRNA-296, following by activate Trp53inp1 and Itm2a	Repress cardiomyocyte proliferation and differentiation	Cai et al., 2018
CARMEN	Intergenic	Unknown	Interact with SUZ12 and EZH2	Promote cardiac specification and differentiation	Ounzain et al., 2015
CARL	Intergenic	miR-539	Act as an endogenous miR-539 sponge that regulates PHB2 expression, mitochondrial fission and apoptosis	Suppress Cardiomyocyte apoptosis	Wang et al., 2014
CRRL	Intergenic	miR-199a-3p	Protect Hopx from degeneration of CRRL	Suppress cardiomyocyte proliferation	Chen et al., 2018
CPR	Intergenic	DNMT3A	Interact with DNMT3A to repress the level or MCM3, promotes its methylation and inhibits its expression	Repress cardiomyocyte proliferation	Ponnusamy et al., 2019
DACH1	Intronic	PP1A	Enhance YAP1 phosphorylation and reduce ist nuclear translocation by binding PP1A	Repress cardiomyocyte proliferation	Cai et al., 2020
ECRAR	Antisense	ERK1/2	Promote the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and E2F1 proteins via ERK1/2 pathway	Promote cardiomyocyte proliferation	Chen et al., 2019
H19	Intergenic	miR-675	Regulate the expression of proliferation-associated protein 2G (PA2G4) Regulate the expression of MyoD, Myf6 and Mier2	Inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis Repress cardiac differentiation	Zhang et al., 2017 Ragina et al., 2012
Meg3	Intergenic	miR-145	Direct bind with RNA-binding protein FUS	Promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis	Wu et al., 2018; Chen et al., 2019
NR_045363	Intergenic	miR-216a	Promote JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway	Promote cardiomyocyte proliferation	Wang et al., 2019
Sirt1	Antisense	Sirt1	Deacetylate and inhibit the activity of Nkx2.5, stabilized and increase the Sirt1 mRNA expression	Enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation Decrease cardiomyocyte apoptosis	Li B. et al., 2018
ST8SIA3 (RoR)	Intergenic	Unknown	Regulate the expression of genes involved in P53 response	Enhance the reprogramming of fibroblasts to cardiomyocytes	Loewer et al., 2010