TABLE 3.
Indirect and direct effects of mediation analysis for the factors contrast as exogenous variable (contrast 1: exercise versus non-exercise; contrast 2: yoga and ballroom dance versus team and individual sports; contrast 3: yoga versus ballroom dance; contrast 4: team versus individual sports), body image variables and physical efficacy as mediator.
| Effect |
Perceptual Body Image |
Cognitive Body Image |
Affective Body Image |
||||
| BIAS-BD Body Dissatisfaction | BIAS-BD Body Size Distortion | MBSRQ-AS Self-Classified Weight | EDI-2 Body Dissatisfaction | MBSRQ-AS Body Areas Satisfaction | MBSRQ-AS Appearance Evaluation | ||
| Contrast 1 | Indirect effect a*b [95% CI] | −0.85 [−1.41, −0.29] | −0.27 [-0.81, 0.29] | −0.03 [−0.05, −0.00] | −0.96 [−1.43, −0.47] | 0.06 [0.03, 0.09] | 0.08 [0.04, 0.12] |
| Direct effect c (p value) | −0.10 (p = 0.955) | 0.17 (p = 0.650) | −0.01 (p = 0.833) | −0.19 (p = 0.629) | 0.01 (p = 0.670) | 0.01 (p = 0.826) | |
| Contrast 2 | Indirect effect a*b [95% CI] | 0.18 [−0.47, 0.80] | 0.06 [−0.23, 0.33] | 0.01 [−0.02, 0.03] | 0.20 [−0.48, 0.89] | −0.01 [−0.06, 0.03] | −0.02 [−0.08, 0.04] |
| Direct effect c (p value) | −0.86 (p = 0.475) | −0.82 (p = 0.496) | 0.01 (p = 0.833) | −0.87 (p = 0.293) | 0.07 (p = 0.126) | 0.07 (p = 0.321) | |
| Contrast 3 | Indirect effect a*b [95% CI] | 0.55 [−0.46, 1.57] | 0.18 [−0.38, 0.71] | 0.02 [−0.02, 0.06] | 0.62 [−0.51, 1.75] | −0.04 [−0.12, 0.03] | −0.05 [−0.15, 0.05] |
| Direct effect c (p value) | 0.08 (p = 0.955) | 0.80 (p = 0.632) | −0.12 (p = 0.109) | 0.50 (p = 0.629) | −0.02 (p = 0.755) | 0.07 (p = 0.576) | |
| Contrast 4 | Indirect effect a*b [95% CI] | −0.63 [−1.42, 0.19] | −0.20 [−0.67, 0.27] | −0.02 [−0.05, 0.01] | −0.71 [−1.53, 0.11] | 0.05 [−0.01, 0.10] | 0.06 [−0.01, 0.13] |
| Direct effect c (p value) | 1.51 (p = 0.345) | −1.03 (p = 0.496) | 0.01 (p = 0.833) | 1.16 (p = 0.293) | −0.05 (p = 0.445) | −0.04 (p = 0.650) | |
Significant results are printed in bold. Body image was assessed via the Body Image Assessment Scale-Body Dimensions (BIAS-BD; Gardner et al., 2009) for body dissatisfaction and body size distortion, the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2; Garner, 1991; German version by Thiel et al., 1997) for body dissatisfaction, and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS; Cash et al., 1986; German version by Vossbeck-Elsebusch et al., 2014) for body dissatisfaction, body satisfaction, and self-classified weight.