Table 2.
Effects of 16 weeks of non-exercise or high-intensity interval training.
| Non-PCOS HIT | PCOS Non-Ex | PCOS HIT |
Between PCOS group difference (group x time interaction) |
Between HIT group difference (group x time interaction) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate (CI) | P | Estimate (CI) | P | Estimate (CI) | P | Estimate (CI) | P | Estimate (CI) | P | |
| Body weight (kg) |
−1.52 (−2.88 to −0.17) |
0.028 | −2.19 (−3.35 to −1.03) |
<0.001 | −0.44 (−1.36 to 0.49) |
0.35 | 1.75 (0.27 to 3.24) |
0.021 | −1.09 (−2.73 to 0.55) |
0.19 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
−0.54 (−1.00 to 0.06) |
0.029 | −0.79 (−1.20 to −0.37) |
<0.001 | −0.20 (−0.53 to 0.13) |
0.13 | 0.58 (0.06 to 1.11) |
0.031 | −0.34 (−0.92 to 0.25) |
0.25 |
| FFM (kg) |
0.32 (−0.36 to 1.00) |
0.35 | −0.28 (−0.86 to 0.30) |
0.33 | −0.09 (−0.55 to 0.37) |
0.70 | 0.19 (−0.55 to 0.93) |
0.60 | 0.41 (−0.41 to 1.23) |
0.32 |
| Body fat percentage (%) |
−0.46 (−1.60 to 0.69) |
0.43 | −1.03 (−2.01 to −0.05) |
0.04 | −0.29 (−1.07 to 0.49) |
0.47 | 0.74 (−0.51 to 1.99) |
0.24 | −0.19 (−1.58 to 1.20) |
0.79 |
| Waist circumference (cm) |
−0.62 (−4.11 to 2.88) |
0.73 | −0.89 (−3.72 to 1.95) |
0.53 | −2.96 (−5.19 to −0.72) |
0.011 | −2.07 (−5.65 to 1.52) |
0.25 | 2.35 (−1.81 to 6.51) |
0.26 |
| Hip circumference (cm) |
−0.46 (−3.05 to 2.14) |
0.73 | −0.49 (−2.59 to 1.61) |
0.64 | −0.64 (−2.30 to 1.02) |
0.44 | −0.15 (−2.82 to 2.51) |
0.91 | 0.15 (−2.93 to 3.24) |
0.92 |
| Waist/Hip Ratio | −0.00 (−0.03 to 0.03) |
0.92 | −0.01 (−0.04 to 0.01) |
0.20 | −0.03 (−0.04 to −0.01) |
0.007 | −0.01 (−0.04 to 0.02) |
0.47 | 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.06) |
0.15 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) |
0.67 (−0.80 to 2.15) |
0.37 | 0.43 (−0.69 to 1.55) |
0.45 | 1.75 (0.81 to 2.68) |
<0.001 | 1.32 (−0.10 to 2.73) |
0.07 | −1.12 (−2.88 to 0.63) |
0.21 |
| VO2peak (mL/min/kg) |
2.20 (0.76 to 3.65) |
0.003 | 0.35 (−0.85 to 1.55) |
0.56 | 1.41 (0.43 to 2.39) |
0.006 | 1.06 (−0.48 to 2.59) |
0.17 | 0.81 (−0.94 to 2.56) |
0.36 |
| VO2peak (L/min) |
0.13 (0.02 to 0.23) |
0.016 | −0.06 (−0.15 to 0.02) |
0.15 | 0.11 (0.04 to 0.18) |
0.002 | 0.17 (0.06 to 0.28) |
0.002 | 0.01 (−0.10 to 0.14) |
0.82 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) |
0.10 (−0.13 to 0.32) |
0.38 | −0.09 (−0.26 to 0.08) |
0.30 | −0.11 (−0.25 to 0.03) |
0.11 | −0.03 (−0.24 to 0.19) |
0.81 | 0.20 (−0.06 to 0.47) |
0.13 |
| Insulin (pmol/L) |
−11.5 (−41.3 to 18.3) |
0.44 | −25.1 (−47.2 to −3.0) |
0.026 | −13.6 (−31.6 to 4.4) |
0.14 | 11.5 (−16.5 to 39.4) |
0.42 | 4.1 (−30.8 to 39.1) |
0.81 |
| HOMA-IR | −0.35 (−1.72 to 1.01) |
0.61 | −1.10 (−2.11 to −0.10) |
0.032 | −0.66 (−1.48 to 0.16) |
0.11 | 0.44 (−0.83 to 1.71) |
0.49 | 0.39 (−1.21 to 1.99) |
0.63 |
Estimated mean difference from baseline values(95% confidence interval) based on linear mixed models.
PCOS, Polycystic ovary syndrome; CI, Confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; FFM, Fat free mass; VO2peak, peak oxygen uptake; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Statistically significant P-values are in bold.