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. 2021 Mar 24;13:666437. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.666437

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Copyright © 2021 Wei, Chen, Ye, Zhao, Xu and Bai.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The interactions among the three networks with group differences. Four interactions were found: the SRN demonstrated interactions with the DAN and SN in the left and right hemispheres, respectively, whereas the DAN and SN demonstrated interactions in both hemispheres. (1) The SRN and left DAN demonstrated interactions in the main regions of the right precuneus; (2) the left DAN and left SN demonstrated interactions in both the left and right cerebellum regions, including the posterior lobe, inferior lobe, superior lobe, pyramis, and declive; (3) the SRN and right SN demonstrated interactions in the main region of the right angular gyrus; (4) the right DAN and right SN demonstrated interactions in the left superior temporal gyrus. The brain regions that were demonstrated above were not limited to the defined ROI coordinates (i.e., the left or right hemisphere) of each constructed network due to the networks’ known whole-brain distribution. Post hoc tests showed the internetwork differences among the groups: (1) the SRN showed a decrease in FC in all its related interactions, whereas increases in FC were found in the corresponding networks (the left DAN and right SN) within the interaction with the SRN; (2) the decreased FC in the DAN and increased FC in the SN were demonstrated within their own interactions of both hemispheres in MCI patients compared with HC. All interactions were significant (corrected p < 0.05, Monte Carlo simulation) between HC and MCI patients, except that of the right SN (p = 0.083) with the right DAN. Abbreviations: L, left; R, right; SRN, self-reference network; DAN, dorsal attention network; SN, salience network; FC, functional connectivity; HC, healthy control; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; *Monte Carlo significant.