Table 1.
Clinical and CMR data of healthy subjects and patients with cardiomyopathies
| Parameters | Heathy subjects (n = 19) | Dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 212) | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n = 34) | Cardiac amyloidosis (n = 30) | p-values* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical and demographic data | |||||
| Age | 30 ± 7 | 53 ± 18 | 58 ± 14 | 69 ± 12 | < 0.001 |
| Female gender; n (%) | 8 (42%) | 87 (41%) | 16 (47%) | 12 (40%) | NS |
| Arterial hypertension | 0 (0%) | 93 (44%) | 28 (82%) | 19 (63%) | < 0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0 (0%) | 70 (33%) | 16 (47%) | 14 (47%) | 0.02 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0%) | 26 (12%) | 8 (24%) | 4 (13%) | NS |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0 (0%) | 22 (10%) | 3 (9%) | 11 (37%) | < 0.001 |
| Left bundle branch block | 0 (0%) | 20 (9%) | 3 (9%) | 0 (0%) | NS |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23 ± 7 | 26 ± 5 | 29 ± 5 | 26 ± 3 | 0.01 |
| NYHA class | NA | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 0.001 |
| Baseline CMR data | |||||
| LVEF (%) | 60.1 ± 5.2 | 48.0 ± 13.2 | 55.9 ± 9.1 | 47.6 ± 10.2 | 0.002 |
| LV End-diastolic volume (ml) | 137 ± 27 | 190 ± 27 | 166 ± 41 | 175 ± 40 | NS |
| LV End-diastolic volume index (ml/m2) | 76 ± 12 | 95 ± 34 | 81 ± 17 | 88 ± 20 | < 0.05 |
| LV End-systolic volume (ml) | 54 ± 14 | 103 ± 72 | 73 ± 31 | 94 ± 35 | < 0.05 |
| LV End-systolic volume index (ml/m2) | 30 ± 7 | 52 ± 34 | 36 ± 14 | 47 ± 18 | < 0.05 |
| LV Stroke volume (ml) | 84 ± 15 | 86 ± 22 | 93 ± 23 | 82 ± 20 | NS |
| LV Stroke volume index (ml/m2) | 47 ± 7 | 44 ± 10 | 46 ± 10 | 41 ± 10 | NS |
| Septal wall thickness (mm) | 7.4 ± 1.7 | 9.5 ± 2.5 | 17.3 ± 6.1 | 16.0 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 |
| Infero-lateral wall thickness (mm) | 5.2 ± 1.4 | 6.9 ± 1.8 | 8.9 ± 3.0 | 11.7 ± 3.6 | < 0.001 |
| LV mass (g) | 75 ± 12 | 119 ± 39 | 160 ± 48 | 175 ± 51 | < 0.001 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 42 ± 7 | 60 ± 17 | 78 ± 19 | 88 ± 24 | < 0.001 |
| MAPSE (mm) | 13 ± 3 | 10 ± 3 | 9 ± 2 | 7 ± 3 | < 0.001 |
| RVEF (%) | 57.7 ± 4.5 | 52.2 ± 10.1 | 58.1 ± 6.6 | 49.2 ± 12.3 | 0.001 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 24 ± 6 | 21 ± 6 | 21 ± 6 | 17 ± 5 | 0.001 |
| Ascending aorta (mm) | 22 ± 3 | 30 ± 6 | 33 ± 5 | 35 ± 4 | < 0.001 |
| Aortic arch (mm) | 17 ± 2 | 23 ± 3 | 25 ± 4 | 26 ± 3 | < 0.001 |
| Descending aorta (mm) | 17 ± 2 | 22 ± 3 | 24 ± 4 | 25 ± 4 | < 0.001 |
| Left atrial diameter (mm) | 27 ± 4 | 37 ± 9 | 41 ± 9 | 43 ± 10 | < 0.001 |
| Left atrial area index (cm2/m2) | 11 ± 2 | 14 ± 3 | 15 ± 6 | 16 ± 4 | < 0.001 |
| Pulmonary trunk diameter (mm) | 22 ± 2 | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 3 | 29 ± 4 | < 0.01 |
| Wall motion score index | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 0.01 |
| %non-infarct related LGE segments | 0 | 20 ± 19 | 22 ± 12 | 66 ± 43 | < 0.001 |
| CMR global strain data | |||||
| LV global longitudinal strain (%) | − 21.3 ± 1.3 | − 17.2 ± 3.8 | − 15.4 ± 3.3 | − 12.1 ± 4.1 | < 0.001 |
| LV global circumferential strain (%) | − 20.5 ± 1.1 | − 17.2 ± 3.0 | − 16.4 ± 2.0 | − 14.0 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 |
| RV global longitudinal strain (%) | − 21.2 ± 1.1 | − 18.8 ± 2.8 | − 17.7 ± 2.8 | − 14.8 ± 4.0 | < 0.001 |
| RV global circumferential strain (%) | − 19.2 ± 1.3 | − 16.8 ± 3.0 | − 15.7 ± 1.7 | − 13.6 ± 3.4 | < 0.001 |
*p-values are reported for differences between patients with cardiomyopathies, excluding healthy subjects
Data are presented as means ± standard deviations or as proportions. NA indicates not applicable; LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, RVEF right ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA New York Heart Association, MAPSE mitral annular plane systolic excursion, TAPSE tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion