Figure 6.

Potential mechanism of Plasmodium infection against recurrence and metastasis of HCC in mice. Plasmodium infection induces: i) The downregulation of CCR10 and p-Akt, but not PI3K; ii) the downregulation of p-GSK-3β, but not GSK-3β; iii) the downregulation of Snail, but not p-Snail; and iv) the upregulation of E-cadherin. Notably, the downregulation of Snail and the upregulation of E-cadherin may contribute to the suppression of the EMT in murine HCC resection and non-resection models. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CCR10, CC-chemokine receptor 10; Py, Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL; p-, phosphorylated; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; CCL, C-C motif chemokine ligand.