Table 2.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with subclinical CAD stratified by increasing CAC burden.
| CAC <100 (N = 465) | CAC 100–400 (N = 219) | CAC ≥ 400 (N = 256) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [IQR] (n) | 67.5 [60, 75] (465) | 73 [66, 80] (219) | 77 [71, 83] (256) | <0.001 |
| Male gender % (n) | 66.8 (310) | 71.9 (156) | 78.1 (200) | 0.003 |
| BMI - median [IQR] (n) | 27 [25, 29] (151) | 27 [24, 29] (68) | 26.6 [25, 29] (78) | 0.678 |
| Arterial hypertension % (n) | 60.5 (565) | 59.9 (130) | 65.9 (168) | 0.040 |
| Diabetes % (n) | 21.3 (199) | 24.0 (52) | 27.1 (69) | <0.001 |
| Smoker % (n) | 6.8 (46) | 5.7 (9) | 8.5 (16) | 0.412 |
| Chronic kidney disease % (n) | 7.2 (49) | 8.8 (14) | 9.3 (17) | 0.002 |
| Atrial fibrillation % (n) | 10.1 (90) | 8.1 (17) | 14.2 (35) | 0.050 |
| Peripheral artery disease % (n) | 6.0 (56) | 6.0 (13) | 10.6 (27) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung disease % (n) | 11.4 (106) | 11.1 (24) | 14.1 (36) | 0.103 |
| Active malignancy % (n) | 5.9 (55) | 6.0 (13) | 8.6 (22) | 0.070 |
| Laboratory data at admission | ||||
| Hemoglobin g/dl [IQR] (n) | 14 [12, 15] (463) | 13.9 [12, 15] (218) | 13.3 [12, 15] (255) | 0.320 |
| WBC*103/mm3 [IQR] (n) | 7.1 [5.3, 9.7] (430) | 6.9 [5.0, 9.9] (210) | 7.1 [5.4, 10.6] (244) | 0.280 |
| Creatinine mg/dL [IQR] (n) | 1.0 [0.8, 1.1] (97) | 1.0 [0.9, 1.3] (34) | 1.1 [0.9, 1.4] (46) | 0.250 |
| HS-TnI baseline ng/L [IQR] (n) | 10.0 [6.0, 29.1] (60) | 8.8 [5.3, 35.0] (34) | 15.5 [7.2, 37.4] (46) | 0.365 |
| LDH mg/dl [IQR] (n) | 392 [274, 520] (338) | 342 [252, 473] (158) | 360 [258, 462] (203) | 0.780 |
| CRP mg/L - [IQR] (n) | 23 [13.3, 55.8] (460) | 28.6 [15.5,61.2] (214) | 29.1 [16.3, 68.5] (255) | 0.390 |
| HS-TnI ng/L peak [IQR] (n) | 17.0 [8.5, 49.0] (74) | 21.0 [8.5, 48.9] (31) | 34.9 [13.6, 74.8] (35) | 0.110 |
BMI = body mass index, Creat. = creatinine, CKD = chronic kidney disease, CRP=C-reactive protein, Hb = haemoglobin, IQR = interquartile range, LDH = lactate dehydrogenase, HS-TnI = high-sensitivity troponin I, WBC = white blood cells.