TABLE 4.

Alpha diversity index

Items	Control group	Treatment group 1	Treatment group 2	Treatment group 3	p‐value
Shannon	4.06 ± 0.58	4.36 ± 0.16	4.38 ± 0.33	4.44 ± 0.39	.87
Simpson	0.050 ± 0.025	0.027 ± 0.049	0.037 ± 0.025	0.033 ± 0.023	.88
ACE	403.56 ± 26.68	409.35 ± 14.26	427.61 ± 30.70	414.07 ± 5.39	.86
Chao	411.96 ± 29.07	418.18 ± 23.23	434.64 ± 31.73	435.77 ± 23.59	.98

a: In the same column, the values with the same small letter superscripts mean no significant difference. The values with different small letter superscripts mean significant difference (p < .05) and the values with different capital letter superscripts mean very significant difference (p < .01). b: The Chao and ACE indexes measure the species richness. Shannon and Simpson indexes are used to measure species diversity, which are affected by species richness and community evenness among the samples. In the case of the same species abundance, the higher the evenness of each species in the community, the higher the diversity of the community; the high Shannon index and the low Simpson index values indicate the high species diversity of the samples.