Table 2.

Various cancer immunotherapies in clinical practice

Drug	Mechanism	Indication	Current status	References
Sipuleucel-T	Vaccine: dendritic cells approach	Metastatic castrate-resistant (hormone refractory) prostate cancer	Approved by the USFDA in 2010, by the EMA in 2013 but withdrawn in 2015 due to commercial reasons.	[51,52,53,54]
T-VEC	Vaccine: Oncolytic virus approach	Unresectable cutaneous, subcutaneous, and nodal lesions in patients with melanoma recurrent after initial surgery	Approved by the USFDA and the EMA in 2015.	[58,59,60]
Tisagenlecleucel	CAR T-cell therapy	Treatment of patients up to 25 years of age with B-cell precursor ALL that is refractory or in the second or later relapse	Approved by the USFDA in August 2017, by the EMA in November 2017	[64,65,66,67]
		Adult patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) large B-cell lymphoma	Approved by the USFDA on May 1, 2018, by the EMA on August 22, 2018	[68]
		After two or more lines of systemic therapy including
		DLBCL not otherwise specified, high grade B-cell
		Lymphoma and DLBCL arising from follicular lymphoma

DC: Dendritic cell, USFDA: United States Food and Drug Administration, EMA: European Medicines Agency, CAR: Chimeric antigen receptor, ALL: Acute lymphoid leukemia, DLBCL: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, T-VEC: Talimogene laherparepvec