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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 7.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2019 May 23;165:285–320. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.04.008

Figure 4. Significant Theta (4–8 Hz) and Alpha (8–14 Hz) Neuronal Activity Following Tactile Stimulation to the Right Hand.

Figure 4.

(Top): Uninfected controls (left) and HIV-infected adults (middle) exhibited theta responses in the left postcentral gyrus following mechanoreceptor stimulation, with the neural activity being stronger and more consistent in uninfected controls (note different P-value scales). The group effect (right; Controls > HIV-infected adults) was restricted to a small area of the left somatosensory cortex, and no brain areas had stronger 4–8 Hz activity in HIV-infected participants. Note the task design image in the top left corner. (Bottom): Uninfected controls exhibited a strong decrease in local alpha activity in the left prefrontal cortex (left) during the 0.01 – 0.26 s time window, whereas HIV-infected adults had a small increase in alpha activity in this same brain region (middle) and time window. Thus, the responses were in the opposite direction, which gave rise to a group effect of higher alpha activity in the HIV-infected participants (right panel). Again, note the different scales for P-values across images.