Table 1. Baseline characteristics of control participants and patients with NAFLD.
| Variables | Control | NAFLD | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 20 | 202 | |
| Sex (male/female) | 10/10 | 99/103 | 0.933 |
| Mean age (years) | 55.3 ± 14.8 | 55.2 ± 12.9 | 0.947 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.2 [20.3–24.4] | 28.8 [25.7–33.3] | < 0.001 |
| Skin-liver capsule distance (mm) | 16.5 [13.8–19.0] | 20.0 [18.0–25.0] | < 0.001 |
| Type II diabetes mellitus (%) | 0 (0.0) | 82 (40.6) | |
| Hypertension (%) | 0 (0.0) | 61 (30.2) | |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 0 (0.0) | 109 (53.9) | |
| T.Bil (mg/dL) | 0.7 [0.5–0.9] | 0.7 (0.5–0.9] | 0.632 |
| AST (U/L) | 22.0 [18.0–25.0] | 34.0 [21.0–52.0] | < 0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 22.5 [17.3–26.0] | 41.0 [21.0–68.5] | < 0.001 |
| Alb (g/dL) | 4.5 [4.3–4.6] | 4.2 [3.9–4.4] | < 0.001 |
| GGT (U/L) | 21.0 [13.5–31.3] | 42.0 [23.0–95.0] | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 96.0 [91.0–98.8] | 107.5 [91.0–128.8] | 0.003 |
| IRI (μU/mL) | 6.5[4.8–8.1] | 16.1 [7.3–22.7] | 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 61.5 [52.5–80] | 52.0 [42.0–61.0] | 0.010 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 82.3 [53.3–122.8] | 107.0 [82.3–147.8] | 0.017 |
| Plt (×104/mm3) | 19.8 [17.8–22.6] | 19.3 [15.1–24.1] | 0.408 |
| NAFL/NASH | 73/129 | ||
| NAS (1/2/3/4/5/6/7) | 39/29/37/59/18/10/10 | ||
| Fibrosis stage (%) | |||
| F0 (none) | 71 (35.1) | ||
| F1 (perisinusoidal or periportal) | 44 (21.8) | ||
| F2 (perisinusoidal and portal/periportal))l) | 32 (15.8) | ||
| F3 (bridging fibrosis) | 28 (13.9) | ||
| F4 (cirrhosis) | 27 (13.4) | ||
| Steatosis grade (%) | |||
| S0 (<5%) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| S1 (5%-33%) | 142 (72.3) | ||
| S2 (34%-66%) | 43 (21.3) | ||
| S3 (>67%) | 17 (8.4) | ||
| Lobular inflammation grade (%) | |||
| A0 (None) | 53 (26.2) | ||
| A1 (<2 foci per 200☓ field) | 82 (40.6) | ||
| A2 (2–4 foci per 200☓ field) | 63 (31.2) | ||
| A3 (>4 foci per 200☓ field) | 4 (2.0) | ||
| Ballooning grade (%) | |||
| B0 (none) | 70 (34.7) | ||
| B1 (few balloon cells) | 100 (49.5) | ||
| B2 (many balloon cells) | 32 (15.8) |
The values are shown as the mean ± standard deviation or the median [25-75th percentile]. Alb, albumin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; IRI, immunoreactive insulin; NAFL, non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; Plt, platelet count; T.Bil, total bilirubin; TG, triglyceride.