Table 3.
Selected sarcopenia drugs in clinical trials
| Drug Name | Drug Target | Phase | Status | Date | Result | Sponsor Company/Institution | NCT ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anabolic Hormone | |||||||
| Testosterone Undecanoate | AR | N/A | Ongoing | Jul-19 | Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences | NCT03995251 | |
| Topical Testosterone | AR | Phase 2 | Completed | Sep-02 | ↑ LBM | National Institute on Aging (NIA) | NCT00183040 |
| Testosterone Gel | AR | Phase 4 | Completed | Oct-04 | Manchester University NHS Foundation | NCT00190060 | |
| Testosterone Gel 1% | AR | Phase 3 | Ongoing | Sep-17 | Washington University School of Medicine | NCT02938923 | |
| MK-0773 | AR | Phase 2 | Completed | Oct-07 | ↑ LBM | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | NCT00529659 |
| Enobosarm | AR | Phase 2 | Completed | Sep-18 | GTx (Merged with Oncternal Therapeutics) | NCT03241342 | |
| Recombinant HGH | GHR | Phase 2 | Completed | Sep-02 | *↑ LBM | National Institute on Aging (NIA) | NCT00183040 |
| Anamorelin HCL | GHS-R | Phase 1 | Ongoing | Aug-19 | Tufts University | NCT04021706 | |
| MK-677 | GHS-R | Phase 1,2 | Completed | Jul-98 | ↑ LBM | University of Virginia | NCT00474279 |
| DHEA | NMDA, GABA, σ1-R | Phase 3 | Completed | Apr-01 | Washington University School of Medicine | NCT00205686 | |
| Oxytocin nasal spray | Oxytocin-R | Phase 1,2 | Ongoing | Sep-17 | University of Texas Health Science Center | NCT03119610 | |
| Metabolic | |||||||
| Ghrelin | GHS-R | Phase 2 | Completed | Jul-13 | University of Pennsylvania | NCT01898611 | |
| Metformin | PKB | Phase 1,2 | Completed | Apr-14 | VA Office of Research and Development | NCT01804049 | |
| Empagliflozin | SGLT2 | Phase 4 | Ongoing | May-18 | Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center | NCT03560375 | |
| Pioglitazone | PPAR-y | Phase 4 | Completed | Apr-06 | ↓ LBM | Wake Forest University Health Sciences | NCT00315146 |
| Anti-inflammatory | |||||||
| Ibuprofen (NSAIDs) | Prostaglandins | N/A | Completed | Apr-13 | No diff | University of Saskatchewan | NCT01886196 |
| Redox Homeostasis | |||||||
| Allopurinol | Xanthine Oxidase | Phase 4 | Completed | Feb-15 | University of Dundee | NCT01550107 | |
| Other | |||||||
| BIO101 | MAS-R | Phase 2 | Onqoinq | May-18 | Biophytis | NCT03452488 | |
| Bimaqrumab | ActRII | Phase 2 | Completed | Jul-15 | = LBM | Novartis | NCT02468674 |
| Landoqrozumab | Myo statin | Phase 2 | Completed | May-12 | ↑ LBM | Eli Lilly | NCT01604408 |
| Trevoqrumab | Myo statin | Phase 2 | Completed | Nov-13 | ↑ LBM | Reqeneron | NCT01963598 |
| Garetosmab | ActivinRIlA | Phase 1 | Completed | Apr-13 | Reqeneron | NCT02943239 | |
| Potassium citrate | Acidic Compounds | Phase 3 | Completed | Jul-07 | Kantonsspital Baseband Bruderholz | NCT00509405 | |
Sarcopenia clinical trial studies that have at least one lean body mass outcome measure in older adults were included.
*
Increase in lean body mass was observed in combination to topical testosterone.
Date (Study start date). Abbreviations: AR, androgen receptor; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; GABA, gamma aminobutyric acid; GHR growth hormone receptor; GHS, growth hormone secretagogue; LBM, lean body mass; N/A, not available; NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PKB, protein kinase B; PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; -R, receptor; SGLT2 sodium glucose co-transporter 2.