Fig. 2. Differential phase contrast in Y₅Si₃.

(A) HAADF image of an interstitial column in Y₅Si₃. (B) Schematics for beam interaction with positive and negative charge densities generating CoM shifts. (C) Projected magnitude and direction of the electrostatic field in the sample as obtained from the CoM shifts. (D) Charge density derived from the divergence of the CoM shifts. The charge density color scale displays positive values on a white-to-red scale, negative values on a white-to-blue scale, and net zero charges as white. Note that the bonding electrons between Y and Si atoms are not discernible in (D) because of the broadened nuclear charges. The interstitial electrons, which are the focus of this work, are seen in blue in the column at the center of the map.