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. 2021 Jan 20;37(5):539–547. doi: 10.1007/s00383-020-04853-3

Table 3.

Operative approaches to H fistula repair

Approach N
Right cervical 258
Left cervical 22
Anterior cervical 1
Right thoracotomy 10
Thoracoscopic 25
Thoracoscopic converted to open 5
Endoscopic glue 1
Endoscopic YAG laser 1
Electrocautery (converted to open due to oesophageal injury) 3