Table 2.

Pros and cons of gene-editing techniques

	RNA interference (RNAi) system	Transposon-based system	CRISPR/Cas9
Pros	Effective in all mammalian somatic cells No prior genetic manipulation needed Multiplexing possible	Stable integration for long-term expression	Introduce specific modification to target sequence Multiplexing possible Ease of scalability
Cons	Knockdown system only Lower efficacy Prone to off-target effects	Random insertion can disrupt transcriptionally active genes Difficult to perform on large scale	Susceptible to immune reaction Possible off-target effects