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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurocase. 2020 Dec 30;27(1):39–56. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2020.1862241

Table 4.

Results of the mixed-effects regression analyses run on production and comprehension scores. For each comparison, regression parameter estimates (i.e., betas), standard error (SE), statistics and p-values are provided.

Production Comprehension

Phase Structure Comparison Estimate SE z-value p-value Estimate SE z-value p-value
Passive Training Phase Long Passive (trained) post vs. pre-treatment 2.398 0.870 2.755 0.006 0.348 0.839 0.415 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment 3.145 1.120 2.808 0.005 0.811 0.932 0.87 n.s.
1year vs. pre-treatment 1.587 0.717 2.212 0.027 1.558 1.168 1.334 n.s.
Short Passive (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment 2.248 0.575 3.908 <.0001 −0.636 0.812 0.784 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment 2.499 0.616 4.055 <.0001 −0.348 0.839 −0.415 n.s.
1year vs. pre-treatment 1.539 0.496 3.105 0.002 0.463 0.973 0.475 n.s.
Active Unaccusative (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment 0.000 0.000 0.000 n.s. **
6months vs. pre-treatment −0.405 0.904 −0.449 n.s.
1year vs. pre-treatment 0.847 0.936 0.905 n.s.
Active Transitive (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment 1.025 0.654 1.566 n.s. 1.35 0.891 1.515 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment 0.205 0.641 0.32 n.s. 2.097 1.136 1.846 0.065
1year vs. pre-treatment 0.205 0.641 0.32 n.s. 0.251 0.71 0.354 n.s.
Object Cleft (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment *** 0.251 0.71 0.354 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment 0.48 0.697 0.688 n.s.
1year vs. pre-treatment 0.251 0.71 0.354 n.s.

OC Training Phase Object Cleft (trained) post vs. pre-treatment 3.145 1.12 2.808 0.005 1.048 0.663 1.58 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment 2.539 1.212 2.095 0.036 2.234 0.929 2.404 0.016
Object Wh-questions (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment 1.792 0.874 2.05 0.04 −0.288 0.761 −0.378 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment −1.792 0.986 1.817 0.069 −0.981 0.854 −1.149 n.s.
Pronominal (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment *** 1.253 0.762 1.644 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment 1.253 0.945 1.326 n.s.
Long Passive (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment −0.767 0.723 −1.052 n.s. 0.054 1.452 0.037 n.s.
6months vs. pre-treatment −0.901 0.854 −1.149 n.s. 1.558 1.295 1.203 n.s.
Active Unaccusative (untrained) post vs. pre-treatment 1.253 0.945 1.326 n.s. **
**

= model did not converge because accuracy was the same across time points.

***

= model did not converge, as accuracy was 0% across time points.