Table 1.
Characteristics at time of listing
| All (n=47) | HT only (n=38) | Combined HLT (n=9) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 15 (11, 20) | 14 (10, 19) | 19 (16, 21) | 0.01 |
| Weight (kg) | 43 (27, 62) | 38 (25, 59) | 60 (57, 65) | 0.02 |
| Male gender | 29 (62) | 26 (68) | 3 (33) | 0.06 |
| Diagnosis | 0.21 | |||
| HLHS | 17 (36) | 16 (42) | 1 (11) | |
| TA | 4 (9) | 3 (8) | 1 (11) | |
| AVC | 13 (28) | 11 (29) | 2 (22) | |
| Heterotaxy | 11 (23) | 9 (23) | 2 (22) | 1.0 |
| PLE | 17 (36) | 14 (37) | 3 (33) | 1.0 |
| Listing status | 0.19 | |||
| 1A | 13 (28) | 10 (26) | 3 (33) | |
| 1B | 12 (25) | 12 (31) | 0 (0) | |
| 2 | 21 (45) | 15 (39) | 6 (67) | |
| Adult 4 | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| Panel Reactive Antibodies | ||||
| IgG (%) | 22 (0.5, 56.5) | 26 (0, 54) | 4 (3, 66) | 0.84 |
| C1q (%) | 4 (0, 24) | 4 (0, 24) | 5.5 (1.5, 20.5) | 0.93 |
| IV inotropic support | 14 (30) | 10 (26) | 4 (44) | 0.42 |
| Milrinone | 14 (30) | 10 (26) | 4 (44) | 0.42 |
| Dopamine | 4 (9) | 1 (3) | 3 (33) | 0.02 |
| VAD (at transplant) | 6 (13) | 6 (16) | 0 (0) | 0.58 |
| Hospitalized | 16 (34) | 12 (32) | 4 (44) | 0.46 |
| Transplant Era2 | 0.69 | |||
| < 2014 | 13 (28) | 10 (26) | 3 (33) | |
| ≥ 2014 | 34 (72) | 28 (73) | 6 (67) | |
| Cardiac catheterization | ||||
| Fontan pressure (mmHg) | 16 (13, 18) | 15.5 (13, 17.5) | 17 (14,18) | 0.36 |
| Filling pressure3 (mmHg) | 11 (9, 14) | 11 (9, 13.5) | 13 (11, 14) | 0.28 |
| Aortic saturation (%) | 90 (85, 93) | 91 (85, 93) | 87 (84.5, 93.5) | 0.96 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 3.1 (2.7, 3.8) | 3.1 (2.6, 3.7) | 3 (2.9, 3.8) | 0.73 |
| Pulmonary vascular resistance (iWU) | 2 (1.3, 2.5) | 2 (1.4, 2.5) | 1.9 (1.3, 2.3) | 0.63 |
| Laboratory results | ||||
| Sodium | 135 (133, 138) | 135 (133, 137) | 138 (131, 139) | 0.18 |
| Creatinine | 0.7 (0.53, 0.9) | 0.60 (0.45, 0.9) | 0.82 (0.73, 1.0) | 0.08 |
| Total bilirubin | 0.8 (0.5, 1.2) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.1) | 1.2 (0.9, 1.3) | 0.03 |
| Albumin | 3.5 (3.0, 4.2) | 3.5 (3.0, 4.2) | 4 (3.5, 4.2) | 0.43 |
| Platelets | 183 (123, 266) | 204 (145, 272) | 118 (103, 195) | 0.04 |
| INR1 | 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.6) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.5) | 0.58 |
| Radiology findings (n=41) | ||||
| Cirrhosis | 18 (44) | 10 (31) | 8 (89) | 0.005 |
| Varices | 9 (21) | 3 (9) | 6 (67) | 0.001 |
| Ascites | 15 (37) | 7 (22) | 8 (89) | 0.000 |
| Splenomegaly | 13 (36) | 6 (22) | 7 (78) | 0.006 |
| Liver biopsy findings (n=15) | 0.89 | |||
| Stage 0: No fibrosis | 1 (7) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) | |
| Stage 1: Perivascular fibrosis | 4 (27) | 3 (33) | 1 (17) | |
| Stage 2: Bridging fibrosis | 4 (27) | 2 (22) | 2 (33) | |
| Stage 3: Nodules | 6 (40) | 3 (33) | 3 (50) | |
| Liver disease scores | ||||
| MELD-XI | 9 (9, 11) | 9 (9, 10) | 10 (9, 11) | 0.17 |
| Child Pugh | 6.5 (6, 8) | 6 (6, 7) | 8 (7, 9) | 0.007 |
| VAST | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 1) | 3 (2, 4) | 0.0001 |
Data are presented as median (25th, 75th percentiles) or n (%)
1
For patients not on coumadin (n=15)
2
Patients transplanted prior to 2014 received anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies (basiliximab or daclizumab) during induction, patients transplanted in 2014 or later received rabbit antithymocyte globulin
3
Filling pressure was the highest available number of right or left pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, direct left atrial pressure, or direct right atrial pressure PLE = protein losing enteropathy. VAD = ventricular assist device.