Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics (N = 62) of Veterans treated with Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) or a supportive group (SG) psychotherapy control condition.
| Measure | MORE | SG | Test statistic | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 34 (55%) | 28 (45%) | ||
| Female, N (%) | 3 (11%) | 6 (18%) | χ2(1, N = 61) = 0.58 | 0.45 |
| Age, M ± SD | 60.2 ± 9.8 | 58.1 ± 10.3 | t(60) = −0.79 | 0.43 |
| Race, N (%)a | χ2(4, N = 61) = 0.36 | 0.99 | ||
| African American | 1 (3%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| Hispanic/Latino | 2 (6%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| White | 28 (82%) | 23(82%) | ||
| Native American/American Indian | 2 (6%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| Other | 1 (3%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| Primary pain location, N (%)a | χ2(4, N = 61) = 3.50 | 0.48 | ||
| Back | 19 (55%) | 15 (56%) | ||
| Legs feet | 2 (6%) | 2 (7%) | ||
| Joints | 6 (18%) | 3 (11%) | ||
| Neck/Shoulders | 3 (9%) | 6 (22%) | ||
| Other | 4 (12%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| Opioid typeb | χ2(5, N = 61) = 1.97 | 0.85 | ||
| Oxycodone | 10 (29%) | 9 (33%) | ||
| Hydrocodone | 8 (24%) | 9 (33%) | ||
| Tramadol | 13 (38%) | 7 (26%) | ||
| Morphine | 3 (9%) | 3 (11%) | ||
| Methadone | 3 (9%) | 1 (4%) | ||
| Other | 4 (12%) | 3 (11%) | ||
| Opioid use duration (years) | 9.4 ± 7.1 | 8.7 ± 9.2 | t(60) = −0.33 | 0.74 |
| Average Pain, M ± SD | 5.4 ± 1.4 | 5.4 ± 1.5 | t(60) = −0.09 | 0.93 |
| Morphine equivalent daily dose, M ± SD | 94.6 ± 207.9 | 98.4 ± 216.6 | t(60) = 0.07 | 0.95 |
aSubject demographic and pain location data were missing for 1 subject in the SG.
bSubjects were allowed to enter more than 1 opioid type.