Fig. 6.

DHA treatment of HeLa cells induced caspase-3 cleavage and autophagic activation. HeLa cells were treated with different concentrations of DHA for 48 hours. (a) Phase-contrast microscopy image shows elevated and dose-dependent cell death after addition of DHA (immumohistochemical staining, × 400). Western blot analyses of (b) caspase-3, (c) LC3 and (d) p62, with β-actin protein as load control, show that DHA triggered cell death. DHA: dihydroartemisinin; LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3