Table 4.
Studies reporting comparative data
| Citation, study design, location | Study design | Patient/infection description | Treatment groups | Outcome description | Outcome, % (n/N) | p-value/aOR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C/T | Comparator | ||||||
| Aminoglycoside/polymyxin comparator | |||||||
|
Caffrey et al. 2020 [80] Retrospective, multicenter, cohort US |
Cohort | Patients had MDR PsA infections | C/T (N = 57) vs. aminoglycoside/polymyxin-based (N = 155) | Clinical cure | - | - | - |
| Mortality, 30-day | 17.5 (10/57) | 18.1 (28/155) |
aOR: 0.78 95% CI: 0.30–2.03 |
||||
| Mortality, inpatient | 15.8 (9/57) | 27.7 (43/155) |
aOR: 0.39 95% CI: 0.16–0.93 |
||||
| Microbiological cure | 31.0 (13/42) | 30.6 (33/108) |
aOR: 0.88 95% CI: 0.35–2.21 |
||||
|
Vena et al. 2020 [23] Retrospective, multicenter, case–control Italy |
Case–control | Patients had pneumonia or bacteremia caused by MDR or XDR PsA | C/T (N = 16) vs. aminoglycoside/polymyxin-based (N = 32) | Clinical cure | 81.3 (13/16) | 56.3 (18/32) | 0.11 |
| Mortality, 30-day | 18.8 (3/16) | 28.1 (9/32) | 0.72 | ||||
| Microbiological cure | - | - | - | ||||
|
Pogue et al. 2019 [27] Retrospective, multicenter, case–control US |
Case–control | Patients had an MDR or XDR PsA infection | C/T (N = 100) vs. aminoglycoside/polymyxin-based (N = 100) | Clinical cure | 81.0 (81/100) | 61.0 (61/100) | 0.002 |
| Mortality, in hospital | 20.0 (20/100) | 25.0 (25/100) | 0.400 | ||||
| Microbiological cure | - | - | - | ||||
| Other comparator | |||||||
|
Fernández-Cruz et al. 2019 [26] Retrospective, single center, case–control Spain |
Case–control | Patients had hematological malignancies and PsA infection | C/T (N = 19) vs. mixed SoC antibacterial agents (N = 38) | Clinical cure, 14-day | 89.5 (17/19) | 71.1 (27/38) | 0.183 |
| Mortality, 30-day | 5.3 (1/19) | 28.9 (11/38) | 0.045 | ||||
| Microbiological cure | - | - | - | ||||
|
Mills et al. 2019 [83] Retrospective, multicenter cohort US |
Cohort | Patients had pneumonia with an MDR PsA culture | C/T (N = 62) vs. mixed SoC antibacterial agents (N = 53) | Clinical cure, 14-day | 72.6 (45/62) | 67.9 (36/53) | 0.683 |
| Mortality | 29.0 (18/62) | 26.4 (14/53) | 0.840 | ||||
| Microbiological cure | - | - | - | ||||
p-value < 0.05 indicates a significant difference are shown in bold
aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; C/T: Ceftolozane/tazobactam; IV: Intravenous; MDR: Multidrug-resistant; PsA: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; SoC: Standard of care; US: United States; XDR: Extensively-drug-resistant