Fig. 3. Prediction of rutin biosynthesis genes in H. citrina.

a The biosynthesis pathway and the expression profile for rutin in four tissues: flowers, stems, leaves, and roots. Expression profiles of 108 candidate enzymes are illustrated using a gradient color. Gene expression values (FPKM) were scaled by log10 and the genes with an expected expression pattern were indicated in red. b The seven gene families are expanding and contracting, and the heat map mainly shows the number of genes in the 4CL, C4H, CHS, CHI, F3’5’H, FLS, and UGT/GT gene families. c EIC of m/z value of rutin (m/z 611.1607, [M + H]⁺) in the TICs of different tissues of H. citrina