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. 2021 Jan 13;18(2):472–483. doi: 10.1038/s41423-020-00621-4

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

Early-life EV-A71 infection augments HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation via trained immunity in macrophages. Early-life EV-A71 infection causes sustained innate immune memory (trained immunity). When EV-A71-trained macrophages are exposed to HDM allergen, they can drive naïve T cells into Th2 and Th17 effector cells, indicating that EV-A71 infection in early life produces exacerbated features of allergen-induced airway inflammation in asthma