Figure 5.

Lactate levels in the extracellular space in the (A) cortex and (B) hippocampus. The times shown for each 20-min dialysate represent the start of each sample collection relative to the time of injury. Baseline (-20 min pre-injury) lactate levels did not differ between the four groups in either brain region. CCI injury produced a significant increase in lactate in the cortex and hippocampus compared with that of sham injury, although the injury-induced lactate increases did not differ between the three CCI groups. The color of each symbol denoting significant group differences correspond to the colors of the lines for each group shown in the legend. ^*P<0.05, ^**P<0.01 and ^***P<0.001 vs. the sham group post-injury. 2-APB, 2-aminoethoxy diphenylborinate; CCI, controlled cortical impact; MRS2179, MRS2179 ammonium salt hydrate.