Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients receiving tDCS + placebo, escitalopram + sham tDCS, and placebo + sham tDCS for depression, by symptom trajectory class.
| tDCS + placebo, m (SD) | Escitalopram + sham tDCS, m (SD) | Placebo + sham tDCS, m (SD) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Rapid (N = 41) | Slow (N = 31) | No/minimal (N = 22) | Rapid (N = 23) | Slow (N = 52) | No/minimal (N = 12) | Rapid (N = 26) | Slow (N = 24) | No/minimal (N = 10) |
| Female sex—no. (%) | 25 (61) | 23 (74) | 16 (73) | 17 (74) | 37 (71) | 6 (50) | 15 (58) | 19 (79) | 7 (70) |
| Age—year | |||||||||
| Current | 45.62 (12.52) | 46.13 (12.93) | 40.64 (7.79) | 43.22 (12.15) | 41.1 (13.19) | 42.27 (12.12) | 40.92 (12.37) | 41.42 (14.05) | 39.5 (12.4) |
| At onset of depression | 25.63 (11.57) | 31.07 (12.78) | 21.33 (7.66) | 29.05 (13.58) | 25 (12.02) | 26.92 (9.77) | 28.42 (11.51) | 25.36 (11.03) | 19.4 (9.89) |
| History of depression | |||||||||
| Number of lifetime episodes | 4.27 (4.04) | 6.35 (5.22) | 5.13 (5.19) | 4.28 (2.74) | 5.9 (8.77) | 4.14 (1.68) | 5.55 (4.87) | 5.24 (2.97) | 13.57 (22.45) |
| Duration of the current MDD episode, in weeks | 23.7 (30.25) | 42.38 (99.9) | 17.11 (21.18) | 21.09 (35.28) | 28.43 (31.92) | 20 (18.11) | 26.67 (47.46) | 24.43 (41.37) | 27.31 (34.72) |
| Clinical characteristics | |||||||||
| Current use of benzodiazepines — no. (%) | 9 (22) | 13 (42) | 9 (41) | 6 (26) | 9 (17) | 4 (33) | 6 (23) | 4 (17) | 7 (70) |
| Rating scales and tests | |||||||||
| HAM-D score | 20.63 (3.71) | 21.9 (3.9) | 23.91 (3.48) | 20.82 (3.35) | 21.55 (3.53) | 22.92 (2.87) | 21.12 (4.16) | 22.88 (3.38) | 26.4 (4.48) |
| MADRS score | 26.13 (7.05) | 25.32 (5.75) | 33 (6.02) | 22.27 (5.5) | 27.39 (5.62) | 28.42 (5.63) | 24.12 (6.27) | 29.79 (6.01) | 33.7 (3.83) |
| BDI score | 27.32 (9.14) | 31 (7.77) | 37.85 (7.35) | 26.09 (6.38) | 31.04 (9.69) | 27.58 (6.82) | 27.14 (11.44) | 34.09 (10.03) | 38 (6.87) |
| HAM-A score | 28.93 (9.98) | 31.94 (9.29) | 35.73 (8.84) | 26.61 (9.3) | 30.32 (9.59) | 32.67 (11) | 29.38 (8.12) | 34.04 (10.5) | 39.5 (8.94) |
| MOCA | 24.8 (2.79) | 24.52 (4.2) | 24.36 (3.5) | 25.26 (3.09) | 24.58 (3) | 24.33 (2.87) | 24.46 (3.23) | 24.96 (2.94) | 22 (5.61) |
BMI Body mass index, HAM-D Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (17-item version), MADRS Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, BDI Beck Depression Inventory, HAM-A Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, MOCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment.