Table 2. Primary and Secondary Paranoia Outcomes.
| Outcome | SlowMo groupa | TAU groupa | Adjusted mean difference (SE) [95% CI] | P value | Cohen d effect size (95% CI)b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | No. of participants | Mean (SD) | No. of participants | ||||
| Primary | |||||||
| GPTS total score | |||||||
| Baseline | 104.7 (27.6) | 180 | 105.9 (26.0) | 179 | NA | NA | NA |
| 24 wk | 81.7 (31.6) | 161 | 86.3 (33.2) | 171 | −5.27 (2.84) [−10.83 to 0.29] | .06 | 0.20 (−0.02 to 0.40) |
| Secondary | |||||||
| GPTS total score | |||||||
| Baseline | 104.7 (27.6) | 180 | 105.9 (26.0) | 179 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 84.8 (30.8) | 165 | 92.5 (33.1) | 163 | −8.06 (2.85) [−13.64 to −2.48] | .005 | 0.30 (0.09 to 0.51) |
| GPTS Part A score | |||||||
| Baseline | 48.6 (15.9) | 181 | 50.3 (15.1) | 179 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 40.2 (14.9) | 165 | 44.2 (15.8) | 163 | −3.49 (1.34) [−6.12 to −0.86] | .009 | 0.22 (0.06 to 0.39) |
| 24 wk | 39.2 (15.0) | 161 | 42.0 (15.8) | 172 | −1.79 (1.34) [−4.41 to −0.83] | .180 | 0.12 (−0.05 to 0.28) |
| GPTS Part B score | |||||||
| Baseline | 56.2 (14.4) | 180 | 55.9 (13.8) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 44.6 (18.1) | 166 | 48.2 (18.7) | 163 | −4.51 (1.71) [−7.87 to −1.15] | .009 | 0.32 (0.08 to 0.56) |
| 24 wk | 42.2 (18.2) | 161 | 45.1 (18.9) | 171 | −3.53 (1.71) [−6.89 to −0.18] | .04 | 0.25 (0.01 to 0.49) |
| R-GPTS total score | |||||||
| Baseline | 40.7 (15.4) | 179 | 41.5 (14.8) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 29.6 (17.2) | 166 | 34.3 (18.6) | 163 | −5.00 (1.61) [−8.16 to −1.86] | .002 | 0.33 (0.12 to 0.54) |
| 24 wk | 27.5 (17.6) | 160 | 31.1 (18.6) | 169 | −3.42 (1.61) [−6.57 to −0.27] | .03 | 0.23 (0.02 to 0.44) |
| R-GPTS social reference score | |||||||
| Baseline | 16.0 (7.8) | 180 | 17.1 (8.2) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 11.9 (7.6) | 166 | 14.2 (8.1) | 163 | −2.05 (0.70) [−3.42 to −0.68] | .003 | 0.26 (0.08 to 0.43) |
| 24 wk | 11.3 (7.6) | 160 | 13.1 (8.0) | 172 | −1.15 (0.70) [−2.51 to 0.22] | .099 | 0.14 (−0.03 to 0.31) |
| R-GPTS persecution score | |||||||
| Baseline | 24.7 (9.3) | 180 | 24.4 (8.7) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 17.7 (11.1) | 166 | 20.1 (11.7) | 163 | −2.97 (1.07) [−5.07 to −0.88] | .005 | 0.33 (0.10 to 0.56) |
| 24 wk | 16.3 (11.2) | 161 | 18.0 (11.6) | 169 | −2.25 (1.07) [−4.34 to −0.16] | .04 | 0.25 (0.02 to 0.48) |
| PSYRATS total score | |||||||
| Baseline | 16.5 (3.3) | 180 | 16.2 (3.1) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 13.2 (4.9) | 166 | 14.5 (5.0) | 162 | −1.53 (0.50) [−2.50 to −0.56] | .002 | 0.47 (0.17 to 0.78) |
| 24 wk | 12.5 (5.2) | 161 | 14.0 (5.5) | 171 | −1.62 (0.49) [−2.59 to −0.65] | .001 | 0.50 (0.20 to 0.80) |
| PSYRATS distress score | |||||||
| Baseline | 8.1 (1.8) | 181 | 7.9 (1.7) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 6.3 (2.8) | 166 | 7.0 (2.8) | 162 | −0.87 (0.29) [−1.44 to −0.30] | .003 | 0.50 (0.17 to 0.82) |
| 24 wk | 6.0 (3.0) | 161 | 6.8 (3.0) | 171 | −0.76 (0.29) [−1.32 to −0.19] | .009 | 0.43 (0.11 to 0.76) |
| PSYRATS conviction score | |||||||
| Baseline | 8.4 (2.0) | 180 | 8.3 (1.9) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 6.9 (2.5) | 166 | 7.4 (2.6) | 163 | −0.62 (0.25) [−1.11 to −0.13] | .01 | 0.31 (0.06 to 0.56) |
| 24 wk | 6.4 (2.5) | 161 | 7.2 (2.8) | 172 | −0.84 (0.25) [−1.33 to −0.35] | .001 | 0.43 (0.18 to 0.68) |
| SAPS persecutory delusions score | |||||||
| Baseline | 3.5 (0.8) | 181 | 3.4 (0.9) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 2.8 (1.3) | 164 | 3.0 (1.3) | 161 | −0.37 (0.18) [−0.71 to −0.03] | .04 | 0.43 (0.03 to 0.84) |
| 24 wk | 2.5 (1.5) | 161 | 2.8 (1.4) | 171 | −0.46 (0.18) [−0.80 to −0.12] | .009 | 0.54 (0.14 to 0.94) |
| SAPS ideas and delusions of reference score | |||||||
| Baseline | 2.5 (1.8) | 181 | 2.7 (1.7) | 180 | NA | NA | NA |
| 12 wk | 2.2 (1.9) | 165 | 2.4 (1.8) | 161 | −0.18 (0.19) [−0.55 to 0.19] | .35 | 0.10 (−0.11 to 0.31) |
| 24 wk | 1.9 (1.9) | 160 | 2.4 (1.9) | 171 | −0.41 (0.19) [−0.79 to −0.04] | .03 | 0.24 (0.02 to 0.45) |
Abbreviations: GPTS, Green et al Paranoid Thoughts Scale; NA, not applicable; PSYRATS, Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales; R-GPTS, Revised GPTS; SAPS, Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms; TAU, treatment as usual.
a
Low score indicates better outcomes.
b
Negative effects indicate benefit of SlowMo compared with TAU.