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. 2021 Apr 7;20:78. doi: 10.1186/s12933-021-01266-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Primary cardiorenal outcomes in diabetic and nondiabetic patients in three large-scale clinical trials. The primary outcome of the DAPA-HF trial is a composite of hospitalization or urgent visit with intravenous therapy for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes. The primary outcome of the EMPEROR-Reduced trial is a composite of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes. The primary outcome of the DAPA-CKD trial is a composite of end-stage kidney disease, sustained decline of 50% in eGFR, or renal or cardiovascular death. Cardiorenal protection is seen consistently in patients with or without diabetes. CI, confidence interval