Table 3.
Risk factors and their association with metabolic syndrome
| Factor | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MetS by any 1 of 3 definitions | MetS by IDF definition | MetS by Cook’s definition | MetS by de Ferranti’s definition | |
| Age | 0.88a (0.82–0.95) | 0.95 (0.83–1.09) | 0.91 (0.83–1.01) | 0.89a (0.83–0.95) |
| Male sex | 1.44 (1.11–1.87) | 1.59 (0.95–2.65) | 1.46a (1.01–2.10) | 1.44a (1.11–1.87) |
| Screen exposure at age ≤ 2 y | 1.30a (1.01–1.68) | 1.18 (0.72–1.94) | 1.29 (0.90–1.85) | 1.27 (0.98–1.65) |
| Total screen time (h/wk) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) |
| Physical activity time (h/wk) | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.96a (0.92–0.99) | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) |
| Frequency of food intake (> 3 vs ≤3 times/wk) | ||||
| - Sweetened milk | 0.84 (0.64–1.12) | 0.86 (0.49–1.48) | 0.88 (0.60–1.31) | 0.80 (0.60–1.06) |
| - Sugar sweetened beverages | 1.09 (0.83–1.44) | 1.16 (0.68–1.97) | 1.29 (0.88–1.88) | 1.09 (0.83–1.44) |
| - Dessert with coconut milk | 0.88 (0.56–1.39) | 1.12 (0.49–2.57) | 0.79 (0.41–1.52) | 0.91 (0.57–1.43) |
| Amount of fruit and vegetable intake (portion/day) | 1.05 (0.41–2.68) | 1.10 (0.98–1.24) | 1.02 (0.93–1.12) | 1.03 (0.96–1.10) |
a p < 0.05