Table 11.

Summary of participants' approaches.

Characteristics	(Copara et al., 2020b)	(Dao and Nguyen, 2020)	(Köksal et al., 2020)	(Lowe and Mayfield, 2020)	(Mahendran et al., 2020)	(Pattabhi et al., 2020)	(Ruas et al., 2020)	(Wang et al., 2020)
TOKENIZATION
Rule-based
Dictionary-based
Subword-based
Chemistry domain-specific
REPRESENTATION
Embeddings
Character-level
Pre-trained
Chemistry domain-specific
Features
PoS
Phrase
MODEL ARCHITECTURE
Transformer
Bi-LSTM
CNN
MLP
CRF
FSM
Rule-based

BiTeM (Copara et al., 2020b); VinAI (Dao and Nguyen, 2020); BOUN-REX (Köksal et al., 2020); NextMove/Minesoft (Lowe and Mayfield, 2020); NLP@VCU (Mahendran et al., 2020); AU-KBC (Pattabhi et al., 2020); LasigBioTM (Ruas et al., 2020); and Melaxtech (Wang et al., 2020).