Table 1.

Baseline characteristics

	CPAP n = 36	Control n = 36	P‐value
Male sex %	72%	83%	.26
Age (y)	63 ± 7	61 ± 8	.24
Duration of diabetes (y)	16 ± 7	16 ± 10	.97
Height (m)	1.74 ± 0.09	1.73 ± 0.07	.72
Body weight (kg)	109 ± 16	99 ± 11	.004
Body mass index, BMI (kg/m2)	36.1 ± 4.7	33.1 ± 3.5	.003
Waist circumference (cm)	119 ± 17	115 ± 8	.21
Hip circumference (cm)	118 ± 12	112 ± 11	.02
Neck circumference (cm)	47 ± 14	44 ± 3	.25
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	141 ± 15	141 ± 16	.98
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	81 ± 9	82 ± 8	.47
Sleep related data
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)	7 ± 3	8 ± 5	.24
Apnoea‐hypopnoea index (AHI)	32 (IQR 21‐43)	34(IQR 22‐49)	.62
Laboratory values
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	64 ± 9 (8.0 ± 0.8)	65 ± 9 (8.1 ± 0.8)	.81
Plasma fasting glucose (mmol/L)	10.0 ± 2.6	9.1 ± 2.1	.11
Plasma creatinine (µmol/L)	85.5 ± 35.0	83.6 ± 20.2	.77
Plasma total‐cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.2 ± 0.9	3.9 ± 0.9	.26
Plasma LDL‐cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.1 ± 0.8	1.8 ± 0.7	.16
Plasma HDL‐cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.17 ± 0.24	1.16 ± 0.35	.89
Lifestyle
Alcohol consumption per week (0‐7 units, 8‐21 units, >21 units)	84%/8%/8%	89%/11%/0%	.20
Current smokers, n (%)	3 (8%)	7 (19%)	.38
Late diabetic complications
Nephropathy
Normoalbuminuria	63%	64%	.60
Microalbuminuria	34%	27%
Macroalbuminuria	3%	9%
Autonomic neuropathy
Normal	24%	38%
Borderline CAN a	33%	24%
Established CAN a	43%	38%	.45
Peripheral neuropathy, n (%)	5 (14%)	3 (8%)	.43
Cardio vascular disease (n)	AMI = 2	AMI = 3	–
	TCI = 6	TCI = 4	–
Use of medication
Metformin	83%	78%	.55
Other oral antidiabetic drugs (DPP‐4/SGLT‐2/SU)	23%	31%	.69
Insulin	61%	69%	.46
GLP‐1 agonist	58%	50%	.48
Antihypertensive treatment	94%	83%	.13
Diuretics	58%	47%	.35
Statin treatment	79%	83%	.59
Aspirin	53%	51%	.91

^aCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy.