Table 1.
Characteristics of study subjects
|
Japanese Group (N = 1051) |
Thai Group (N = 804) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62.5 ± 12.4 | 56.9 ± 18.5 | <.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.5 ± 3.7 | 25.4 ± 4.7 | <.001 |
| Male, % | 52.1 | 37.1 | <.001 |
| Current smoking, % | 11.4 | 1.7 | <.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 22.4 | 20.3 | .304 |
| Hyperlipidemia, % | 39.9 | 61.6 | <.001 |
| Past history of CAD, % | 10.8 | 7.0 | .006 |
| Past history of stroke, % | 2.4 | 5.4 | .001 |
| Medicated hypertension, % | 75.7 | 65.6 | <.001 |
| Number of drugs for hypertension | 2.0 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 1.3 | <.001 |
| ACE inhibitor, % | 9.2 | 17.1 | <.001 |
| Alpha blocker, % | 7.4 | 26.2 | <.001 |
| ARB, % | 60.1 | 46.9 | <.001 |
| Beta blocker, % | 24.3 | 45.2 | <.001 |
| CCB, % | 67.2 | 67.7 | .878 |
| Diuretics, % | 34.1 | 17.3 | <.001 |
| Others, % | 0.9 | 11.8 | <.001 |
| Office blood pressure monitoring | |||
| SBP, mm Hg | 142.7 ± 20.0 | 142.3 ± 20.6 | .679 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 81.3 ± 13.3 | 76.0 ± 13.5 | <.001 |
| HR, bpm | 72.8 ± 12.9 | 76.0 ± 13.3 | <.001 |
| Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring | |||
| 24‐h SBP, mm Hg | 133.4 ± 14.8 | 131.7 ± 16.5 | .023 |
| 24‐h DBP, mm Hg | 78.6 ± 10.0 | 73.5 ± 11.8 | <.001 |
| 24‐h HR, bpm | 68.3 ± 9.1 | 70.8 ± 10.3 | <.001 |
| Daytime SBP, mm Hg | 137.9 ± 15.3 | 133.3 ± 16.4 | <.001 |
| Daytime DBP, mm Hg | 81.4 ± 10.5 | 75.2 ± 12.4 | <.001 |
| Daytime HR, bpm | 71.6 ± 9.6 | 74.1 ± 11.5 | <.001 |
| Nighttime SBP, mm Hg | 123.4 ± 16.7 | 127.8 ± 20.1 | <.001 |
| Nighttime DBP, mm Hg | 72.2 ± 10.4 | 70.2 ± 12.3 | <.001 |
| Nighttime HR, bpm | 60.8 ± 9.0 | 63.0 ± 9.3 | <.001 |
| Morning SBP, mm Hg | 139.8 ± 18.5 | 137.6 ± 20.7 | .019 |
| Morning DBP, mm Hg | 83.2 ± 12.1 | 79.0 ± 13.9 | <.001 |
| Morning HR, bpm | 68.8 ± 11.4 | 74.4 ± 12.6 | <.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or percentage.
Abbreviations: ACE, Angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ARB, Angiotensin‐receptor blocker; CCB, Calcium‐channel blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease (including angina and myocardial infarction); SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate.