TABLE 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics
| Control (n = 8) | Intervention (n = 10) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 6 (75%) | 3 (30%) | .153 |
| Age (years) | 55.62 ± 11.78 | 51.8 ± 11.14 | .494 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanics | 5 (62.5%) | 8 (80%) | .405 |
| Whites | 3 (37.5%) | 2 (20%) | .655 |
| Duration of DM (years) | 15.75 ± 6.88 | 13.4 ± 7.99 | .513 |
| Weight (pounds) | 226 ± 52.82 | 212.7 ± 39.06 | .563 |
| BMI | 36.73 ± 4.83 | 36.27 ± 4.52 | .841 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 121.5 ± 16.87 | 127.2 ± 17.25 | .491 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 76 ± 10.35 | 77 ± 7.9 | .825 |
| Total daily insulin dose (units) | 97.6 ± 54.0 | 107.7 ± 64.14 | .728 |
| Metformin use at home | 8 (100%) | 10 (100%) | 1.0 |
| A1c (%) | 10.36 ± 0.877 | 9.69 ± 1.067 | .171 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.775 ± 2.076 | 14.21 ± 1.68 | .629 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.775 ± 0.183 | 0.71 ± 0.208 | .50 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 85.5 ± 6.63 | 85.4 ± 8.53 | .979 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 84.5 ± 27.59 | 72.4 ± 24.33 | .338 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 43.25 ± 8.15 | 40.6 ± 10.91 | .577 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 186.0 ± 83.06 | 133.4 ± 55.36 | .127 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 165.5 ± 35.09 | 139.7 ± 30.79 | .116 |
| DM‐SAT scores | |||
| Total | 51.875 ± 16.92 | 43.70 ± 19.45 | .363 |
| Wellbeing | 53.75 ± 21.19 | 45.50 ± 19.84 | .834 |
| Medical control | 40.13 ± 24.80 | 45.6 ± 22.58 | .827 |
| Lifestyle | 48.75 ± 13.6 | 48.75 ± 13.6 | .734 |
| Convenience | 61.0 ± 20.67 | 45.7 ± 19.60 | .128 |
All values are expressed in mean ± SD.